2023年四级英语真题英语四级21篇【完整版】

四级英语真题英语四级第1篇大学英语四级考试是采用机考形式，每场考试由2名主考人员和3名(或4名)考生组成。口语考试分为三个部分：(1)第一部分，考生与考官进行问答形式的对话，大约需要5分钟。(2)第二下面是小编为大家整理的四级英语真题英语四级21篇,供大家参考。

四级英语真题英语四级 第1篇

大学英语四级考试是采用机考形式，每场考试由2名主考人员和3名(或4名)考生组成。

口语考试分为三个部分：

(1)第一部分，考生与考官进行问答形式的对话，大约需要5分钟。

(2)第二部分包括分钟的个人发言和分钟的小组讨论，大约需要10分钟。

(3)第三部分，考官再次提问，进一步确定考生的口语交际能力，大约需要5分钟。

四级英语真题英语四级 第2篇

一，考试前两个月准备资料

准备四级考试各种资料书，比如，词汇书，真题库，练习题等等。第一轮学习 不必开始做真题或是整套的练习题，而是从词汇，听力，阅读单项开始复习。每天坚持背50个词汇，早上记忆，中午复习，晚上巩固，第二天在复习。每天坚持如此。挑选词汇书，不能挑太厚的，这样携带不方便。最好是小巧的厚薄适中的词汇书，不但易于携带而且容易背完，有成就感。

二，做单项试题的强化练习

做一套真题，严格按照考试时间，最后评估，自己在各项试题的表现，针对考试结果，做单项强化训练。例如，听力，写作，翻译，阅读，都要有专门的练习计划，要研究试题的特点，做题方法和技巧

三，做一个精细的复习计划

每周日记

星期一至星期五六点半起床，背50个单词;课堂休息时间可以把早上背的单词复习一遍。中午休息时间抽出半个小时写一篇作文或是翻译一篇短文。然后在空闲时间修改，并把范文里优美实用的词句记录下来，积累语句。另外，要按计划进行专项试题复习，练习前把题型特点和解题方法复习一次。按规定时间昨晚试题，做试题时要根据之前整理过的做题思路做题。做完试题后把试题整理一下，尤其是阅读题，要对照中英文翻译，把难句长句记在本子上，空闲时间背一下。对于听力，试题做完后，要反复听试题，直到每一个句子都听懂。

充分利用晚自习时间。先总结今天的复习成果，对还有疑问不解的地方，在复习巩固一下。当天被动单词进查漏补缺，看还有哪些单词没记住。对各类题型的做题心得和解题方法整理一下，以便随时调整备考策略。然后计划第二天的复习事项。

利用周末时间，复习背过的单词和做过的试题，对一周以来的备考进行总结，查漏补缺。

临考复习

四级考试通常在学期末的十六周周六举行，这个时候临近期末考，课基本讲完。所以这时候有更多是时间来重点复习四级。这个时候已经不必专门背单词了。更多的是，对四级试题要有一个全面的复习，了解考试过程中可能出现的意外并想好对应策略。把每个单向实体再复习总结一下;

譬如作文，可以复习这学期以来积累的各种词句，写作手法，常用的单词，模板。每天仍坚持写一篇作文，然后对照范文，看自己是否写的合适主旨，是否跑题以及语法错误等等。熟悉各种作文试题的类型，例如议论文，记叙文。如果是议论文你擅长的论证方法是哪种，为此积累了哪些词句，争取在拿到试题时，可以快速列好写作提纲和全篇的布局。阅读题：总结出题规律，做题节凑，试题的方向。一般阅读题的做题方法是先迅速审题，划出题眼，然后快速在文章中锁定答案区域，找到正确选项。听力题：对于听力题目，要早发卷后快速浏览试题，力求对听力播放的内容有一点了解。听力时，注意题目中对话出现过的关键词，通常答案就是那里。如果是一个人自述，就是注意他说话时的起承转合，比如 and, but, however等等。

翻译题; 翻译题的话，只要平时单词备好，语法有认真学习并掌握的话基本不会有太大问题。就是做题时，注意书面整洁，不要在不确定时就下笔，然后发现翻译不合适就花掉。这样就会卷面很不整洁，容易被扣分。

四级英语真题英语四级 第3篇

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend whowants to study in Please recommend a university to You should write atleast 120 words but no more than 180

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Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

说明：由于20XX年12月四级考试全国共考了两套听力, 本套真题听力与前两套内容相同, 只是选项顺序不同, 因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passagewith ten You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choicesgiven in a word bank following the Read the passage through carefully beforemaking your Each choice in the bank is identified by a Please mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than

Millions of people travel by plane every single If you"re planning on being one ofthem soon, you might not be looking forward to the __26__ feeling air travel often leavesyou Besides the airport crowds and stress, travelling at a high altitude has realefects on the Although the pressure of the cabin is __27__ to prevent altitudesickness, you could still __28__ sleepiness or a The lower oxygen pressurefound in an aircraft cabin is __29__ to that at 6,000-8,000 feet of A drop inoxygen pressure can cause headaches in certain __30__ To help prevent headaches, drink plenty of water, and avoid alcohol and

Aiplane food might not really be as tateless as you __31__ The air you breathein a plane dries out your mouth and nose, which can affect your sense of Perception of sweet and salty foods dropped by almost 30 percent in a simulation of However, you can make your taste buds active again by drinking A drymouth may __32__ taste sensitivity, but taste is restored by drinking

Although in-flight infections __33__ in dry environments like airplanes, your risk ofgetting sick from an airplane is actually low because of the air __34__ Unless you"re stting next to someone who is coughing or sneezing, you shouldn"t worry too muchabout getting However, bacteria have been shown to live on cabin surfaces, sowash your hands

A) adjusted

B) channels

C) equivalent

D) experience

E) filters

F) frequently

G) individuals

H) originally

I) particular

J) primarily

K) reduce

L) renovated

M) smooth

N) thrive

O) unpleasant

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphsIdentify the paragraph from which the information is You may choose aparagraph more than Each paragraph is marked with a Answer the questionsby marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet

A south Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its own

A) Getting around a city is one thing -- and then there"s the matter of getting from onecity to One vision of the perfect city of the future: a place that offers easyaccess to air 20XX, a University of North Carolina business professor namedJohn Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis: The Way We"ll Live Kasardasays future cities should be built intentionally around or near The idea, as hehas put it, is to offer businesses "rapid, long-distance connectivity on a massive "

B) "The 18th century really was a waterborne century, the 19th century a rail century, the 20th century a highway, car, truck century -- and the 21st century will increasinglybe an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air," , a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda"s It has existed for just a few "From the get-go, it was designed on thebasis of connectivity and competitiveness," says "The government built thebridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business And thesurface infrastructure was built in tandem with the new "

C) Songdo is a stone"s throw from South Korea"s Incheon Airport, its main But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the Just buildinga place as an "international business district" doesn"t mean it will become ParkYeon Soo conceived this city of the future back in He considers Songdo his "I am a visionary," he years after he imagined the city, Park"s baby is closeto 70 percent built, with 36,000 people living in the business district and 90,000 residents in greater It"s about an hour outside Seoul, built on reclaimed tidalflats along the Yellow There"s a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower, as wellas a park, golf course and

D) Chances are you"ve actually seen this Songdo appears in the most famousmusic video ever to come out of South "Gangnam Style" refers to the fashionableGangnam district in But some of the video was filmed in "I don"t know ifyou remember, there was a scene in a subway That was not That wasactually Songdo," says Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London"sBartlett School of "Part of the reason to shoot there is that it"s new and "

E) The city was supposed to be a hub for global companies, with employees from allover the But that"s not how it has turned "s reputation is as afuturistic ghost But the reality is more bridge with big, light-blueloops leads into the business In the center of the main road, there"s a long lineof flags of the On the corner, there"s a Starbucks and a 7-Eleven -- all of theinternational brands that you see all over the world

F) The city is not There are mothers pushing strollers, old women with walkers -- even in the middle of the day, when it"s 90 degrees Byun Young-Jin chairs theSongdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phaseof the city opened in He says demand has boomed in the past couple of his clients are In fact, the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here aresold to Young families move here because the schools are that"s theproblem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city -- more popular as a residentialarea than a business It"s not yet the futuristic international business hub thatplanners "It"s a great place to And it"s becoming a great place to work," says Scott Summers, the vice president of Gale International, the developer of the The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company"s offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of kayaks and paddle Shimmering glass towers line the canal’

G) "What"s happened is, because we focused on creating that quality of life first, whichenabled the residents to live here, what has probably missed the mark is for companiesto locate here," he "There needs to be strong economic "The city is stillunfinished, and it feels a bit like a theme It doesn"t feel all that There"sa high-tech underground trash disposal Buildings are environmentally Everybody"s television set is connected to a system that streams personalized languageor exercise

H) But Star Trek this is And to some of the residents, Songdo feels "I"m, like, in prison for That"s what we call it in the workplace," says a woman in She doesn"t want to use her name for fear of being fired from her She goesback to Seoul every "I say I"m prison-breaking on Friday "But she has tomake the prison break in her own There"s no high-speed train connecting Songdo toSeoul, just over 20 miles

I) The man who first imagined Songdo feels frustrated, Park says he built SouthKorea a luxury vehicle, "like Mercedes or It"s a good car But we"re waitingfor a good driver to "But there are lots of other good cars out there, Theworld is dotted with futuristic, high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest

J) Songdo"s backers contend that it"s still early, and business space is filling up -- about70 percent of finished offices are now Ryan, who teaches urban designat MIT, says Songdo proves a universal "There have been a lot of utopiancities in And the reason we don"t know about a lot of them is that a lot of themhave vanished "In other words, when it comes to cities -- or anything else -- it ishard to predict the

Songdo"s popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business

The man who conceived Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short ofhis

A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in

Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop

Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation, according to

Songdo has ended up diferent from the city it was supposed to

Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in

A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to

According to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to forescewhat will happen in the

Park Yeon Soo, who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental connction with the

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three When the passage isread for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general the passageis read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact wordsyou have just Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you shouldcheck what you have

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following

The fifth largest city in US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy (征税) cents per liquid ounce on

Philadelphil"s new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council It sets a newbar for similar initiatives across the It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks canwin substantial support outside super-liberal Until now, the only city tosuccessfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in

The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with adder sugar, such as Gatorade and iced It"s expected to raise $410 million over the next fiveyears, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program forthe

While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents tothe measure, including soda lobbyists, made sharp criticisms and a promise tochallenge the tax in

"The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages — including low —and no-caloriechoices," said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage "Butmost importantly, it is against the So we will side with the majority of the people ofPhiladelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop "

An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a "grocery tax".

Public health groups applauded the approved tax as step toward fixing certain lastinghealth issues that plague "The move to recapture a small part of the profitsfrom an industry that pushed a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heartdisease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure beinspirational to many other places," said Jim Krieger, executive director of HealthyFood "indeed, we are already hearing from some of It"s not "justBerkeley" "

Similar measures in California"s Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado"s Boulderare becoming hot-button Health advocacy groups have hinted that even moremight be

What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?

A) It will change the lifestyle of many

B) It may encourage other US cities to fllow

C) It will cut soda consumption among low-income

D) It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda

What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?

A) Bargain with the city

B) Refuse to pay additional

C) Take legal action against

D) Try to win public

What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?

A) It tried to arouse hostile felings among

B) It tried to win grocers" support against the

C) It kept sending ltters of protest to the

D) It criticized the measure through

What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?

A) Alert people to the risk of sugar-induced

B) Help people to fix certain long-time health

C) Add to the fund for their rescarch on

D) Benefit low-income people across the

What do we lear about similar measures concening the soda tax in some other citics?

A) They are becoming rather sensitive

B) They are spreading panic in the soda

C) They are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced

D) They are taking away a lot of proft from the soda

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following

Popping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, and Europe"s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7millioncars, a new study has found, and the problem is With costs falling and kitchenappliances becoming "status" users, owners are throwing many microwave after anaverage of eight This is pushing sales of new microwave which are expected toreach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the

A study by the University of Manchester worked out the emissions of carbon dioxide -- the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change -- at every stage ofmicrowaves, from manufacture to waste "It is electricity consumption bymicrowaves that has the biggest impact on the environment," say the authors, whoalso calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same asthose from a According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption shouldfocus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour to use appliances For example, electricity consumption by microwaves can be reduced byadjusting the time of cooking to the type of "

However, David Reay, professor of carbon management argues that, althoughmicrowaves use a great deal of enery, their emissions are minor compared to those In the UK alone and these emit way more than all the emissions from microwavesin the Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69mtonnes of CO2 in This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven studyestimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the whole of the " further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of Amongcommon kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energyefficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard Thus, rising microwave salescould be seen as a positive

What is the finding of the new study?

A) Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more

B) The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our

C) CO2 emissions constitute a major threat to the

D) The use of microwaves emits more CO2 than people

Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?

A) They are becoming more

B) They have a shorter life cycle than other

C) They are gtting much easier to

D) They take less tine to cook than other

What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?

A) Cooking food of dfferent

B) Improving microwave users"

C) Eating less to cut energy

D) Using microwave ovens less

What does Professor David Reay try to argue?

A) There are far more emissions from cars than from

B) People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less

C) The UK produces less CO2 than many other countries in the

D) More data are needed to show whether microwaves are

What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?

A) It will become less popular in the coming

B) It makes everyday cooking much more

C) It plays a positive role in envronmental

D) It consumes more power than conventional

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chineseinto You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet

中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后。千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。然而，如今，孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。一般来说，名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人，或者期望他们过什么样的生活。父母非常重视给孩子取名，因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。

四级英语真题英语四级 第4篇

指示代词概说

表示"这个"、"那个"、"这些"、"那些"等指示概念的代词叫做指示代词。

指示代词有：this这个，that那个，these这些，those那些，it那个，这个，Such如此的，如此的事物，same同样的，同样的事物。

指示代词this，these，that，those在句中的功用

指示代词this，these，that，those在句中的用法相当于名词和形容词，可用作主语、表语、宾语和定语。如：

This is a plane，这是一架飞机。(作主语)

Oh，it"s not 噢，问题不在那儿。(作表语)

How do you like these?你喜欢这些吗?(作宾语)

This book is about Chinese traditional 这是一本关于中医的书。(作定语)

指示代词ins，these，that， those的其它用法

1)This (these)常用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物，that(those)则常用来指时间或空间上较远的事物。如：

This is a sickle and that is an 这是一把镰刀，那是一把斧子。

These days are 这些天很冷。

In those days the poor people had a hard 在那些日子里，穷人生活很苦。

2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this和these则指下面将要讲到的事物。如：

I had a bad That"s why I didn"t 我伤风很厉害，所以我没有来。

Those two statements are not 那两种说法是不真实的。

What I want to say is this：Pronunciation is very important in learning 我所要说的是：语音在英语学习中非常重要。

chairman Mao honoured Lin Hulan with these words："A great life A glorious death"用下面的话表彰刘胡兰："生的伟大，死的光荣。"

3)有时为了避免重复提到过的名词，常可用that或those代替。如：

The climate of shenyang is just as good as that of 沈阳的气候跟北京的一样好。(that代替climate)

The county"s grain output of 1981 was double that of 这个县1987年的粮食产量比1980年增加一倍。(that代替grain output)

Television sets made in Nanjing are just as good as those made in 南京出产的电视机和上海的一样好。(those代替television sets)

4)This和that有时作状语用，表示"程度"，意谓"这么"和"那么"。如：

The book is about this 那本书大约有这么厚。

I don"t want that 我不要那么多。

It指人时亦用作指示代词。指示代词it在汉语中不必译出。

如：

Who is it?――it"s 是谁?--是我。

Oh, it"s you，Lao 哦，是你呀，老王。

四级英语真题英语四级 第5篇

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a you used at Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180

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Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

听力音频MP3文件，点击进入听力真题页面

Section A News Report

Directions：
In this section， you will hear three news reports。

At the end of each news report， you will hear two or three questions。

Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）， B）， C） and D）。

Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just

A) The majority of drivers prefer to drive and park

B) Human drivers become easily distracted or tired while

C) Most drivers feel uncertain about the safety of self-driving

D) Most drivers have test driven cars with automatic braking  

A) Their drivers would feel safe after getting used to the automatic

B) They would be unpopular with drivers who only trust their own

C) Their increased comfort levels have boosted their

D) They are not actually as safe as automakers

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just

A) Thefts of snowmobile dogs in

B) A series of injuries to snowmobile

C) Attacks on some Iditarod Race

D) A serious accident in the Alaska sports

A) He stayed behind to look after his injured

B) He has won the Alaska Iditarod Race four

C) He received a minor injury in the Iditarod

D) He has quit the competition in Alaska for

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just

A) It sank into the sea due to

B) It ran into Nicaragua"s Big Corn

C) It disappeared between two large

D) It turned over because of strong  

A)

B)

C)

D)  

A) He has helped with the rescue

B) He is being investigated by the

C) He was drowned with the

D) He is among those people

Section B Conversation

Directions：
In this section， you will hear two long conversations。

At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions。

Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once。

After you hear a question。

You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。

Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just

A) At a shopping

B) At a community

C) At an accountancy

D) At an IT

A) Helping out with data

B) Arranging

C) Sorting application

D) Making phone

A) He enjoys using

B) He needs the money

C) He wants to work in the city

D) He has relevant working

A) Purchase some business

B) Learn some computer

C) Improve his programming

D) Review some accountancy

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just

A) They are keen on high

B) They are poor at technology

C) They often listen to National Public

D) They feel superior in science and  

A)

B)

C)

D)  

A)

B)

C)

D)

A) It is undergoing a drastic

B) It lays emphasis on creative

C) It has much room for

D) It prioritizes training of practical

Section C Passage

Directions：
In this section， you will hear three passages。

At the end of each passage， you will hear three or four questions。

Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just

A) They have small

B) They grow white

C) They taste like

D) They come from Central

A) They turned from white to purple in

B) They became popular on the world

C) They became an important food for

D) They began to look like modern-day

A) They were found quite

B) There were serious food

C) People discovered their medicinal

D) Farm machines helped lower their

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just

A) She could update her family any time she

B) She could call up her family whenever she liked

C) She could locate her friends wherever they

D) She could download as many pictures as she

A) She liked to inform her friends about her

B) She enjoyed reading her friends" status

C) She felt quite popular among

D) She felt she was a teenager

A) She could barely respond to all her 500 Facebook

B) She spent more time updating her friends than her

C) She could barely balance Facebook updates and her

D) She didn"t seem to be doing as well as her Facebook

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just

A) They have strong

B) They live a longer life than

C) They eat much less in

D) They can work longer than

A) It was a pet of a Spanish

B) It was bought by George

C) It was brought over from

D) It was donated by a

A) They met and exchanged ideas on animal

B) They participated in a mule-driving

C) They showed and traded animals in the

D) They fed mules with the best food they could

A) The wider use of

B) The arrival of

C) A shrinking animal

D) A growing donkey

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the Read the passage through carefully before making your Each choice in the bank is identified by a Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the You may not use any of the words in the bank more than

As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only your muscles, but also your Fear not, however, for coffee can stimulate them During __26__ exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste Muscle performance can also be affected by a __27__ called "central fatigue," in which an imbalance in the body"s chemical messengers prevents the central nervous system from directing muscle movements It was not known, however, whether central fatigue might also affect motor systems not directly __29__ in the exercise itself, such as those that move the To find out, researchers gave 11 volunteer cyclists a carbohydrate （碳水化合物的）__30__ either with a moderate dose of caffeine （咖啡因），which is known to stimulate the central nervous system, or as a placebo （安慰剂）without, during 3 hours of After exercising, the scientists tested the cyclists with eye-tracking cameras to see how well their brains could still __32__ their visual The team found that exercise reduced the speed of rapid eye movements by about 8%, __33__ their ability to capture new visual The caffeine, the equivalent of two strong cups of coffee, was __34__ to reverse this effect, with some cyclists even displaying __35__ eye movement So it might be a good idea to get someone else to drive you home after that

A) cautiously B) commit C) control D) cycling E) effectively F) increased G) involved H) limited I) phenomenon J) preventing K) sensitive L) slowing M) solution N) sufficient O) vigorous

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is You may choose a paragraph more than Each paragraph is marked with a Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet

Team spirit

A）Teams have become the basic building blocks of Recruitment advertisements routinely call for "team players". Business schools grade their students in part on their performance in group Office managers knock down walls to encourage team Teams are as old as civilisation, of course: even Jesus had 12 But a new report by Deloitte, "Global Human Capital Trends"，based on a survey of more than 7,000 executives in over 130 countries, suggests that the fashion for teamwork has reached a new Almost half of those surveyed said their companies were either in the middle of restructuring or about to embark on （开始）it; and for the most part, restructuring meant putting more emphasis on

B）Companies are abandoning conventional functional departments and organising employees into cross- disciplinary teams that focus on particular products, problems or These teams are gaining more power to run their own They are also spending more time working with each other rather than reporting Deloitte argues that a new organisational form is on the rise: a network of teams is replacing the conventional hierarchy （等级体制）.

C）The fashion for teams is driven by a sense that the old way of organising people is too rigid for both the modern marketplace and the expectations of Technological innovation places greater value on agility（灵活性）. John Chambers, chairman of Cisco Systems , a worldwide leader in electronics products, says that "we compete against market transitions（过渡）, not Product transitions used to take five or seven years; now they take one or " Digital technology also makes it easier for people to co-ordinate their activities without resorting to The " millennials" （千禧一代）who will soon make up half the workforce in rich countries were raised from nursery school onwards to work in

D）The fashion for teams is also spreading from the usual corporate suspects (such as GE and IBM) to some more unusual The Cleveland Clinic, a hospital operator, has reorganised its medical staff into teams to focus on particular treatment areas; consultants, nurses and others collaborate closely instead of being separated by speciality （专业）and The US Army has gone the same In his book, Team of Teams, General Stanley McChrystal describes how the army"s hierarchical structure hindered its operations during the early stages of the Iraq His solution was to learn something from the rebels it was fighting: decentralising authority to self-organising

E）A good rule of thumb is that as soon as generals and hospital administrators jump on a management bandwagon （追随一种管理潮流）, it is time to ask Leigh Thompson of Kellogg School of Management in Illinois warns that, "Teams are not always the answer—teams may provide insight, creativity and knowledge in a way that a person working independently cannot; but teamwork may also lead to confusion, delay and poor " The late Richard Hackman of Harvard University once argued, "I have no question that when you have a team, the possibility exists that it will generate magic, producing something extraordinary But don"t count on "

F）Hackman （who died in 20XX） noted that teams are hindered by problems of co-ordination and motivation that chip away at the benefits of High-flyers （能干的人）who are forced to work in teams may be undervalued and free-riders Group-think may be In a study of 120 teams of senior executives, he discovered that less than 10% of their supposed members agreed on who exactly was on the If it is hard enough to define a team"s membership, agreeing on its purpose is harder

G）Profound changes in the workforce are making teams trickier to Teams work best if their members have a strong common This is hard to achieve when, as is now the case in many big firms, a large proportion of staff are temporary Teamwork improves with time: America"s National Transportation Safety Board found that 73% of the incidents in its civil-aviation database occurred on a crew"s first day of flying However, as Amy Edmondson of Harvard points out, organisations increasingly use "team" as a verb rather than a noun: they form teams for specific purposes and then quickly disband

H）The least that can be concluded from this research is that companies need to think harder about managing They need to rid their minds of sentimentalism（感情用事）:the most successful teams have leaders who are able to set an overall direction and take immediate They need to keep teams small and focused: giving in to pressure to be more "inclusive" is a guarantee of Jeff Bezos, Amazon"s boss, says that "If I see more than two pizzas for lunch, the team is too " They need to immunise teams against group-think: Hackman argued that the best ones contain "deviant" （离经叛道者）who are willing to do something that may be upsetting to

I）A new study of 12,000 workers in 17 countries by Steelcase, a furniture-maker which also does consulting, finds that the best way to ensure employees are "engaged" is to give them more control over where and how they do their work—which may mean liberating them from having to do everything in collaboration with

J）However, organisations need to learn something bigger than how to manage teams better: they need to be in the habit of asking themselves whether teams are the best tools for the Team-building skills are in short supply: Deloitte reports that only 12% of the executives they contacted feel they understand the way people work together in networks and only 21% feel confident in their ability to build cross-functional Loosely managed teams can become hotbeds of distraction—employees routinely complain that they can"t get their work done because they are forced to spend too much time in meetings or compelled to work in noisy Even in the age of open-plan offices and social networks some work is best left to the

team leaders know exactly where the team should go and are able to take prompt

of authority was also found to be more effective in military

many companies, the conventional form of organisation is giving way to a network of

of poorly managed teams are easily distracted from their

is most effective when team members share the same

to a report by Deloitte, teamwork is becoming increasingly popular among

team members find it hard to agree on questions like membership and the team"s

scholars think teamwork may not always be reliable, despite its potential to work

ensure employees" commitment, it is advisable to give them more flexibility as to where and how they

transitions take much less time now than in the

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following

Shoppers in the UK are spending less money on toilet paper to save money, research has

Penny-pinching UK consumers choose cheaper products from discounters such as Aldi and Lidl rather than luxury

This has wiped 6% off the value of the soft tissue paper market in the It has shrunk from billion pounds in 20XX to billion pounds in 20XX, according to a new report from market research company Furthermore, the future of the market looks far from rosy, with sales expected to fall further to billion pounds in

In the last year alone, despite an increase in the UK population and a subsequent rise in the number of households, sales of toilet paper fell by 2%, with the average household reducing their toilet roll spending from 43 pounds in 20XX to 41 pounds in

Overall, almost three in five people say they try to limit their usage of paper—including facial tissue and kitchen roll—to save "Strength, softness and thickness remain the leading indicators of toilet paper quality, with just a small proportion of consumers preferring more luxurious alternatives, such as those with flower patterns or perfume," said Mintel analyst Jack "These extra features are deemed unnecessary by the majority of shoppers, which probably reflects how these types of products are typically more expensive than regular toilet paper, even when on special "

While consumers are spending less on toilet paper, they remain fussy—in theory at least—when it comes to paper Top of Britons" toilet paper wish list is softness (57%) followed by strength (45%) and thickness (36%).

One in 10 buyers rank toilet rolls made from recycled paper among their top considerations, highlighting how overall the environment is much less of a consideration for shoppers than product In a challenge for manufacturers, 81% of paper product users said they would consider buying recycled toilet tissue if it were comparable in quality to standard

The market sales of toilet paper have decreased because

Britons have cut their spending on

its prices have gone up over the

its quality has seen marked

Britons have developed the habit of

What does the author think of the future of the tissue paper market in the UK?

It will expand in

It will remain

It will experience ups and

It will recover as population

What does Jack Duckett say about toilet paper?

Special offers would promote its

Consumers are loyal to certain

Luxurious features add much to the

Consumers have a variety to choose

What do we learn about Britons concerning toilet paper?

They are particular about the quality of toilet

They emphasize the strength of toilet paper the

They prefer cheap toilet paper to recycled toilet

They reject using toilet paper with unnecessary

What can we infer from the last paragraph?

More and more Britons buy recycled toilet paper to protect the

Toilet paper manufacturers are facing a great challenge in promoting its

Toilet paper manufacturers compete with one another to improve product

Environmental protection is not much of a concern when Britons buy toilet

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following

"One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger," says Lindson-Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of

By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that her mom quit the right way—by stopping abruptly and

In her study, participants were randomly （随机地）assigned to two One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to The other cut down gradually over the course of two People in both groups used nicotine （尼古丁）patches before they quit, in addition to a second form of nicotine replacement, like gum or They also had talk therapy with a nurse before and after quit

Six months out, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it—more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without

And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they"d rather cut down gradually before "If you"re training for a marathon, you wouldn"t expect to turn up and just be able to run And I think people see that for smoking as They think, "Well, if I gradually reduce, it"s like practice,"" says But that wasn"t the Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings （瘾）and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that "Regardless of your stated preference, if you"re ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective," says Gabriela "When you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that"s It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it," Ferreira

People rarely manage to quit the first time they But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of

What does Lindson-Hawley say about her mother?

She quit smoking with her daughter"s

She succeeded in quitting smoking

She was also a researcher of tobacco and

She studied the smoking patterns of adult

What kind of support did smokers receive to quit smoking in Lindson-Hawley"s study?

They were given physical

They were looked after by

They were encouraged by

They were offered nicotine

How does Gabriela Ferreira view the result of Lindson-Hawley"s experiment?

It is

It is

It is

It is

The idea of "a marathon" (Line 2， 5) illustrates the popular belief that quitting smoking

is something few can accomplish

needs some practice first

requires a lot of patience

is a challenge at the beginning

What happens when people try to quit smoking gradually?

They find it even more

They are simply unable to make

They show fewer withdrawal

They feel much less pain in the

Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into You should write your answer on Answer Sheet

长江是亚洲最长、世界上第三长的河流。长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种的栖息地，灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。长江流域（river basin）居住着中国三分之一的人口。长江在中国历史、文化和经济上起着很大的作用。长江三角洲（delta）产出多大20%的中国国民生产总值。几千年来，长江一直被用于供水、运输和工业生产。长江上还坐落着世界最大的水电站。

Part Ⅰ Writing

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Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension

drivers feel uncertain about the safety of self-driving

drivers would feel safe after getting used to the automatic

on some Iditarod race

has won the Alaska Iditarod Race four

turned over because of strong

is being investigated by the

an accountancy

out with data

needs the money

some accountancy

are poor at technology

has much room for

have small

began to look like modern-day

were serious food

could update her family any time she

enjoyed reading her friends" status

didn"t seem to be doing as well as her Facebook

have strong

was brought over from

showed and traded animals in the

arrival of

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35：OIEGM DCJNF

36-45：HDBJG AFEIC

46-55：ABCAD BDCBA

Part IV Translation

The Yangtze River is the longest in Asia and the third longest in the The river, which flows through varied ecosystems along its passage, offers habitats for many endangered species and provides irrigation for 1/5 of China"s The Yangtze River basin is home to 1/3 of China"s The river plays a very important role in China historically, culturally and The Yangtze River Delta contributes up to 20% of China"s For millennia, the Yangtze River has been used for water supply, shipment and industrial The world"s largest hydropower station is also built on the

四级英语真题英语四级 第6篇

art I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of living in a big You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

听力音频MP3文件，点击进入听力真题页面

Section A News Report

Directions：
In this section， you will hear three news reports。

At the end of each news report， you will hear two or three questions。

Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）， B）， C） and D）。

Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just

A) Land a space vehicle on the moon in

B) Design a new generation of mobile

C) Set up a mobile phone network on the

D) Gather data from the moon with a tiny

A) It is

B) It is

C) It is

D) It is

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just

A) It lasted more than six

B) No injuries were yet

C) Nobody was in the building when it broke

D) It had burned for 45 minutes by the time firefighters

A) Recruit and train more

B) Pull down the deserted shopping

C) Turn the shopping mall into an amusement

D) Find money to renovate the local

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just

A) Shrinking potato

B) Heavy reliance on

C) Widespread plant

D) Insufficient potato

A) It intends to keep its traditional

B) It wants to expand its own

C) It is afraid of the spread of

D) It is worried about unfair

A) Global

B) Ever-rising

C) Government

D) Diminishing

Section B Conversation

Directions：
In this section， you will hear two long conversations。

At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions。

Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once。

After you hear a question。

You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。

Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just

A)

B)

C)

D)

A) She types on a

B) She does

C) She takes

D) She takes

A) It keeps her mind

B) It makes her stay

C) It enables her to think

D) It helps her kill

A) It enables her to improve her

B) It helps her better remember what she

C) It turns out to be an enjoyable way of

D) It proves to be far more effective than

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just

A) To spend her

B) To try authentic Indian

C) To take photos of the Taj

D) To trace the origin of a love

A) In memory of a

B) In honor of a great

C) To mark the death of an emperor of the

D) To celebrate the birth of a princess"s 14th

A) It looks older than

B) It is built of wood and

C) It stores lots of priceless

D) It has walls decorated with

A) Their streets are

B) They are mostly

C) Each one has a unique

D) Life can be tedious in some

Section C Passage

Directions：
In this section， you will hear three passages。

At the end of each passage， you will hear three or four questions。

Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just

A) They help spread the latest

B) They greatly enrich people’s leisure

C) They provide residents with the resources

D) They allow free access to digital books and

A) By helping them find

B) By inspiring their

C) By keeping them off the

D) By providing a place of

A) Their interaction with teenagers proved

B) They used libraries less often than

C) They tended to visit libraries

D) Their number increased

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just

A) It is the cleverest cat in the

B) It is the largest cat in

C) It is an unusual cross

D) It is a large-sized wild

A) They are as loyal as

B) They have unusually long

C) They are fond of sleeping in

D) They know how to please their

A) They shake their front

B) They teach them to

C) They shower with

D) They shout at

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just

A) Anxious and

B) Contented and

C) Excited but somewhat

D) Proud but a bit

A) It is becoming parents biggest

B) It is gaining increasing public

C) It depends on their parents for

D) It starts the moment they are

A) Set a good example for them to

B) Read books and magazines to

C) Help them to learn by

D) Choose the right school for

A) Their

B) Their home

C) The effort they put in

D) The quality of their

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the Read the passage through carefully before making your Each choice in the bank is identified by a Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the You may not use any of the words in the bank more than

Millions die early from air pollution each Air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious ___26___ occurring in the developing

The figures include a number of costs ___27___ with air Lost income alone amounts to $225 billion a

The report includes both indoor and outdoor air Indoor pollution, which includes ___28___ like home heating and cooking, has remained ___29___ over the past several decades despite advances in the Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and

Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray ___30___ it as an “urgent call to ” One of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little ___31___, he

The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income ___32___ nearly 1% of Around 9 in 10 people in low and middle-income countries live in places where they ___33___ experience dangerous levels of outdoor air

But the problem is not limited ___34___ to the developing Thousands die prematurely in the as a result of related In many European countries, where diesel (柴油) ___35___ have become more common in recent years, that number reaches tens of

A) ability

B) associate

C) consciously

D) constant

E) control

F) damage

G) described

H) equals

I) exclusively

J) innovated

K) regularly

L) relates

M) sources

N) undermine

O) vehicles

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is You may choose a paragraph more than Each paragraph is marked with a Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet

Food-as-Medicine Movement Is Witnessing Progress

A) Several times a month, you can find a doctor in the aisles of Ralph"s market in Huntington Beach, California, wearing a white coat and helping people learn about On one recent day, this doctor was Daniel Nadeau, wandering the cereal aisle with Allison Scott, giving her some idea on how to feed kids who persistently avoid anything that is "Have you thought about trying fresh juices in the morning?" he asks "The frozen oranges and apples are a little cheaper, and fruits are really good for the Juices are quick and easy to prepare; you can take the frozen fruit out the night before and have it ready the next "

B) Scott is delighted to get food advice from a physician who is program director of the nearby Mary and Dick Allen Diabetes Center, part of the Joseph Hoag Health The center"s "Shop with Your Doc" program sends doctors to the grocery store to meet with any patients who sign up for the service, plus any other shoppers who happen to be around with

C) Nаdеаu nоt?се? thе рrе-mаdе mасаrоn?（通心粉）-аnd-сhее?е bохе? ?n ?соtt"? ?hорр?ng саrt аnd suggests she switch to whole grain macaroni and real "So I"d have to make it?" she asks, her enthusiasm fading at the thought of how long that might take, just to have her kids reject "I"m not sure they"d eat They just won"t eat "

D) Nadeau says sugar and processed foods are big contributors to the rising diabetes rates among "In America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food," Nadeau tells "And only 5 percent of our food is plant-based I think we should try to reverse " Scott agrees to try more fruit juices for the kids and to make real macaroni and Score one point for the doctor, zero for

E) Nadeau is part of a small revolution developing across The food-as-medicine movement has been around for decades, but it"s making progress as physicians and medical institutions make food a formal part of treatment, rather than relying solely on medications（药物）. By prescribing nutritional changes or launching programs such as "Shop with Your Doc", they are trying to prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients "There"s no question people can take things a long way toward reversing diabetes, reversing high blood pressure, even preventing cancer by food choices," Nadeau

F) In the big picture, says Richard Afable, CEO and president of Joseph Hoag Health, medical institutions across the state are starting to make a philosophical switch to becoming a health organization, not just a health care That feeling echoes the beliefs of the Therapeutic Food Pantry program at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, which completed its pilot phase and is about to expand on an ongoing basis to five clinic sites throughout the The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition, along with intensive training in how to cook "We really want to link food and medicine, and not just give away food," says Rita Nguyen, the hospital"s medical director of Healthy Food "We want people to understand what they"re eating, how to prepare it, the role food plays in their "

G) In Southern California, Loma Linda University School of Medicine is offering specialized training for its resident physicians in Lifestyle Medicine—that is a formal specialty in using food to treat Research findings increasingly show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always the solution, or that every illness can benefit substantially from dietary Nonetheless, physicians say that they look at the collective data and a clear picture emerges: that the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods in the American diet contribute to the nation"s high rates of obesity, diabetes and heart According to the World Health Organization, 80 percent of deaths from heart disease and stroke are caused by high blood, pressure, tobacco use, elevated cholesterol and low consumption of fruits and

H) "It"s a different paradigm（范式）of how to treat disease," says Brenda Rea, who helps run the family and preventive medicine residency program at Loma Linda University School of The lifestyle medicine specialty is designed to train doctors in how to prevent and treat disease, in part, by changing patient"s nutritional The medical center and school at Loma Linda also has a food cupboard and kitchen for This way, patients not only learn about which foods to buy, but also how to prepare them at

I) Many people don"t know how to cook, Rea says, and they only know how to heat things That means depending on packaged food with high salt and sugar So teaching people about which foods are healthy and how to prepare them, she says, can actually transform a patient"s And beyond that, it might transform the health and lives of that patient"s "What people eat can be medicine or poison," Rea "As a physician, nutrition is one of the most powerful things you can change to reverse the effects of long-term "

J) Studies have explored evidence that dietary changes can slow inflammation（炎症）, for example, or make the body inhospitable to cancer In general, many lifestyle medicine physicians recommend a plant-based diet—particularly for people with diabetes or other inflammatory

K) "As what happened with tobacco, this will require a cultural shift, but that can happen," says "In the same way physicians used to smoke, and then stopped smoking and were able to talk to patients about it, I think physicians can have a bigger voice in "

More than half of the food Americans eat is

There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food

There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various

A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and

Training a patient to prepare healthy food can change their

One food-as -medicine program not only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patients how to cook

Scott is not keen on cooking food herself, thinking it would simply be a waste of

Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based

Using food as medicine is no novel idea, but the movement is making headway these

Americans" high rates of various illnesses result from the way they

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following

California has been facing a drought for many years now, with certain areas even having to pump freshwater hundreds of miles to their distribution The problem is growing as the population of the state continues to New research has found deep water reserves under the state which could help solve their drought Previous drilling of wells could only reach depths of 1,000 feet, but due to new pumping practices, water deeper than this can now be extracted （抽取）. The team at Stanford investigated the aquifers（地下蓄水层）below this depth and found that reserves may be triple what was previously

It is profitable to drill to depths more than 1,000 feet for oil and gas extraction, but only recently in California has it become profitable to pump water from this The aquifers range from 1,000 to3,000 feet below the ground, which means that pumping will be expensive and there are other The biggest concern of pumping out water from this deep is the gradual setting down of the land As the water is pumped out, the vacant space left is compacted by the weight of the earth

Even though pumping from these depths is expensive, it is still cheaper than desalinating（脱盐）the ocean water in the largely coastal Some desalination plants exist where feasible, but they are costly to run and can need constant Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water

One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower This means that some wells may even need to undergo desalination after extraction, thus increasing the Research from the exhaustive study of groundwater from over 950 drilling logs has just been New estimates of the water reserves now go up to 2,700 billion cubic meters of

How could California"s drought crisis be solved according to some researchers?

A) By building more reserves of

B) By drawing water from the depths of the

C) By developing more advanced drilling

D) By upgrading its water distribution

What can be inferred about extracting water from deep aquifers?

A) It was deemed vital to solving the water

B) It was not considered worth the

C) It may not provide quality

D) It is bound to gain support from the local

What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground?

A) The sinking of land

B) The harm to the

C) The damage to

D) The change of the

What does the author say about deep wells?

A) They run without any need for

B) They are entirely free from

C) They are the ultimate solution to

D) They provide a steady supply of

What may happen when deep aquifers are used as water sources?

A) People"s health may improve with cleaner

B) People"s water bills may be lowered

C) The cost may go up due to

D) They may be exhausted sooner or

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following

The AlphaGo programs victory is an example of how smart computers have

But can artificial intelligence (AI) machines act ethically, meaning can they be honest and fair?

One example of AI is driverless They are already on California roads, so it is not too soon to ask whether we can program a machine to act As driverless cars improve, they will save They will make fewer mistakes than human drivers Sometimes, however, they will face a choice between Should the cars be programmed to avoid hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put their passengers at risk? What about making a sudden turn to avoid a dog? What if the only risk is damage to the car itself, not to the passengers?

Perhaps there will be lessons to learn from driverless cars, but they are not super-intelligent Teaching ethics to a machine even more intelligent than we are will be the bigger

About the same time as AlphaGo"s triumph, Microsoft"s "chatbot" took a bad The software, named Taylor, was designed to answer messages from people aged Taylor was supposed to be able to learn from the messages she She was designed to slowly improve her ability to handle conversations, but some people were teaching Taylor racist When she started saying nice things about Hitler, Microsoft turned her off and deleted her ugliest

AlphaGo"s victory and Taylor"s defeat happened at about the same This should be a warning to It is one thing to use AI within a game with clear rules and clear It is something very different to use AI in the real The unpredictability of the real world may bring to the surface a troubling software

Eric Schmidt is one of the bosses of Google, which owns He thinks AI will be positive for He said people will be the winner, whatever the Advances in AI will make human beings smarter, more able and "just better human "

What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo"s victory?

A) Computers will prevail over human

B) Computers have unmatched

C) Computers are man"s potential

D) Computers can become highly

What does the author mean by AI machines acting ethically?

A) They are capable of predicting possible

B) They weigh the gains and losses before reaching a

C) They make sensible decisions when facing moral

D) They sacrifice everything to save human

What is said to be the bigger challenge facing humans in the AI age?

A) How to make super-intelligent AI machines share human

B) How to ensure that super-intelligent AI machines act

C) How to prevent AI machines doing harm to

D) How to avoid being over-dependent on AI

What do we learn about Microsoft"s "chatbot" Taylor?

A) She could not distinguish good from

B) She could turn herself off when

C) She was not made to handle novel

D) She was good at performing routine

What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligence?

A) It will be far superior to human

B) It will keep improving as time goes

C) It will prove to be an asset to human

D) It will be here to stay whatever the

Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into You should write your answer on Answer Sheet

由于通信网络的快速发展，中国智能手机用户数量近年来以惊人速度增长。这极大地改变了许多人的阅读方式。他们现在经常在智能手机上看新闻和文章，而不买传统报刊。大量移动应用程序（apps）的开发使人们能用手机读小说和其他形式的文学作品。因此，纸质书籍的销售受到了影响。但调查显示，尽管智能手机阅读市场稳步增长，超半数成年人仍喜欢读纸质书。

四级英语真题英语四级 第7篇

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to besthandle the relationship between doctors and You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180

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Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passagewith ten You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choicesgiven in a word bank following the Read the passage through carefully beforemaking your Each choice in the bank is identified by a Please mark thecorresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through You may not use any of the words in the bank more than

We all know there exists great void (空白) in the public educational system when itcomes to 26 to STEM(Science, Technology, Engineering Mathematics) Oneeducator named Dori Roberts decided to do something to change this Doritaught high school engineering for 11 She noticed there was a real void in qualitySTEM education at all 27 of the public educational She said, "I startedEngineering For Kids (EFK) after noticing a real lack of math, science and engineeringprograms to 28 my own kids "

She decided to start an afterschool program where children 29 in The club grew quickly and when it reached 180 members and the kids inthe program won several state 30 , she decided to devote all her time to cultivating and31 The global business EFK was

Dori began operating EFK out of her Virginia home, which she then expanded to 32 recreation Today, the EFK program 33 over 144 branches in 32 states within theUnited States and in 21 Sales have doubled from $5 million in 20XX to $10 million in 20XX, with 25 new branches planned for The EFK website states, "Ournation is not 34 enough Our philosophy is to inspire kids at a young age tounderstand that engineering is a great 35 ."

A) attracted B) career C) championships D) degrees E) developing F) enroll G) exposureH) feasible I) feeding J) graduating K) interest L) levels M) local N) operates O) participated

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to Each statement contains information given in one of the Identify the paragraph from which the information is You may choose aparagraph more than Each paragraph is marked with a Answer the questionsby marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet

Why aren"t you curious about what happened?

A)"You suspended Ray Rice after our video," a reporter from TMZ challenged NationalFootball League Commissioner Roger Goodell the other "Why didn"t you have thecuriosity to go to the casino (赌场) yourself?" The implication of the question is that amore curious commissioner would have found a way to get the

B) The accusation of incuriosity is one that we hear often, carrying the suggestion thatthere is something wrong with not wanting to search out the "I have beenbothered for a long time about the curious lack of curiosity," said a Democraticmember of the New Jersey legislature back in July, referring to an insufficientlyinquiring attitude on the part of an assistant to New Jersey Governor Chris Christie whochose not to ask hard question about the George Washington Bridge traffic "Isn"t the mainstream media the least bit curious about what happened?" wroteconservative writer Jennifer Rubin earlier this year, referring to the attack on Americansin Benghazi,

C) The implication, in each case, is that curiosity is a good thing, and a lack ofcuriosity is a Are such accusations simply efforts to score political points forone"s party? Or is there something of particular value about curiosity in and of itself?

D) The journalist Ian Leslie, in his new and enjoyable book Curious: The Desire to Knowand Why Your Future Depends on It, insists that the answer to that last question is "Yes". Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing

E) We are suffering, he writes, from a "serendipity " The word "serendipity" wascoined by Horace Walpole in an 1854 letter, from a tale of three princes who "werealways making discoveries, by accident, of things they were not in search " Leslieworries that the rise of the Internet, among other social and technological changes, hasreduced our appetite for aimless No longer have we the inclination to letourselves wander through fields of knowledge, ready to be Instead, we seekonly the information we

F) Why is this a problem? Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovationand We will see unimaginative governments and dying corporationsmake disastrous We will lose a vital part of what has made humanity as awhole so successful as a

G) Leslie presents considerable evidence for the proposition that the society as awhole is growing less In the and Europe, for example, the rise of theInternet has led to a declining consumption of news from outside the reader"s But not everything is to be blamed on The decline in interest in literaryfiction is also one of the causes identified by Reading literary fiction, he says, make us more

H) Moreover, in order to be curious, "you have to be aware of a gap in your knowledgein the first " Although Leslie perhaps paints a bit broadly in contending that most ofus are unaware of how much we don"t know, he"s surely right to point out that theproblem is growing: "Google can give us the powerful illusion that all questions havedefinite "

I) Indeed, Google, for which Leslie expresses admiration, is also his frequent whippingbody (替罪羊). He quotes Google co-founder Larry Page to the effect that the "perfectsearch engine" will "understand exactly what I mean and give me back exactly what " Elsewhere in the book, Leslie writes: "Google aims to save you from the thirst ofcuriosity "

J) Somewhat nostalgically (怀旧地), he quotes John Maynard Keynes"s justly famouswords of praise to the bookstore: "One should enter it vaguely, almost in a dream, andallow what is there freely to attract and influence the To walk the rounds of thebookshops, dipping in as curiosity dictates, should be an afternoon"s " If only!

K) Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (认知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes thereceived wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectualtalent and hard Curiosity, he argues, is the third key factor—and a difficult one If not cultivated, it will not survive: "Childhood curiosity is acollaboration between child and The surest way to kill it is to leave it "

L) School education, he warns, is often conducted in a way that makes children Children of educated and upper-middle-class parents turn out to be far more curious, even at early ages, than children of working class and lower class That lack ofcuriosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult ifnot impossible to compensate for later on

M) Although Leslie"s book isn"t about politics, he doesn"t entirely shy away from Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be Theyshould ask questions at crucial There are serious consequence, he warns, innot wanting to

N) He presents as an example the failure of the George Bush administration toprepare properly for the after-effects of the invasion of According to Leslie, thosewho ridiculed former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld for his 20XX remark that wehave to be wary of the "unknown unknowns" were Rumsfeld"s idea, Lesliewrites, " wasn"t absurd—it was " He adds, "The tragedy is that he didn"t follow hisown "

O) All of which brings us back to Goodell and the Christie case and Each criticin those examples is charging, in a different way, that someone in authority isintentionally being I leave it to the reader"s political preference to decidewhich, if any, charges should But let"s be careful about demanding curiosityabout the other side"s weaknesses and remanding determinedly incurious about our We should be delighted to pursue knowledge for its own sake—even when what we findout is something we didn"t particularly want to

To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don"

According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one"s

We should feel happy when we pursue knowledge for knowledge"s

Political leaders" lack of curiosity will result in bad

There are often accusations about politicians" and the media"s lack of curiosity tofind out the truth

The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to

It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence

Visiting a bookshop as curiosity leads us can be a good way to entertain

Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute topeople"s declining

Mankind wouldn"t be so innovative without

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following

Aging happens to all of us, and is generally thought of as a natural part of It wouldseem silly to call such a thing a ""

On the other hand, scientists are increasingly learning that aging and biological age aretwo different things, and that the former is a key risk factor for conditions such as heartdisease, cancer and many In that light, aging itself might be seen as somethingtreatable, the way you would treat high blood pressure or a vitamin

Biophysicist Alex Zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered a Hesaid that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop

"It unties the hands of the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry so that they can begintreating the disease and not just the side effects," he

"Right now, people think of aging as natural and something you can"t control," he "In academic circles, people take aging research as just an interest area where they cantry to develop The medical community also takes aging for granted, andcan do nothing about it except keep people within a certain health "

But if aging were recognized as a disease, he said, "It would attract funding and changethe way we do health What matters is understanding that aging is "

"It was always known that the body accumulates damage," he "The only way tocure aging is to find ways to repair that I think of it as preventive medicine forage-related "

Leonard Hayflick, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, said the ideathat aging can be cured implies the human lifespan can be increased, which someresearchers suggest is Hayflick is not among

"There"re many people who recover from cancer, stroke, or heart But theycontinue to age, because aging is separate from their disease," Hayflick "Even ifthose causes of death were eliminated, life expectancy would still not go much beyond 92 "

What do people generally believe about aging?

A) It should cause no alarm

B) They just cannot do anything about

C) It should be regarded as a kind of

D) They can delay it with advances in

How do many scientists view aging now?

A) It might be prevented and

B) It can be as risky as heart

C) It results from a vitamin

D) It is an irreversible biological

What does Alex Zhavoronkov think of "describing aging as a disease"?

A) It will prompt people to take aging more

B) It will greatly help reduce the side effects of

C) It will free pharmacists from the conventional beliefs about

D) It will motivate doctors and pharmacists to find ways to treat

What do we learn about the medical community?

A) They now have a strong interest in research on

B) They differ from the academic circles in their view on

C) They can contribute to people"s health only to a limited

D) They have ways to intervene in people"s aging

What does professor Leonard Hayflick believe?

A) The human lifespan cannot be

B) Aging is hardly separable from

C) Few people live up to the age of

D) Heart disease is the major cause of

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following

Female applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences were nearly half as likely toreceive excellent letters of recommendation, compared with their male Christopher Intagliata

As in many other fields, gender bias is widespread in the Men score higherstarting salaries, have more mentoring (指导), and have better odds of being Studies show they"re also perceived as more competent than women in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) And new research reveals that menare more likely to receive excellent letters of recommendation,

"Say, you know, this is the best student I"ve ever had," says Kuheli Dutt, a socialscientist and diversity officer at Columbia University"s Lamont "Compare thoseexcellent letters with a merely good letter: "The candidate was productive, orintelligent, or a solid scientist or something that"s clearly solid praise," but nothing thatsingles out the candidate as exceptional or one of a "

Dutt and her colleagues studied more than 1,200 letters of recommendation forpostdoctoral positions in They were all edited for gender and otheridentifying information, so Dutt and her team could assign them a score without knowingthe gender of the They found that female applicants were only half as likely toget outstanding letters, compared with their male That includes letters ofrecommendation from all over the world, and written by, yes, men and Thefindings are in the journal Nature

Dutt says they were not able to evaluate the actual scientific qualifications of theapplicants using the data in the But she says the results still suggest women ingeoscience are at a potential disadvantage from the very beginning of their careersstarting with those less than outstanding letters of

"We"re not trying to assign blame or criticize anyone or call anyone conscious Rather, the point is to use the results of this study to open up meaningful dialogues onimplicit gender bias, be it at a departmental level or an institutional level or even adiscipline " Which may lead to some recommendations for the letter

What do we learn about applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences?

A) There are many more men applying than

B) Chances for women to get the positions are

C) More males than females are likely to get outstanding letters of

D) Male applicants have more interest in these positions than their female

What do studies about men and women in scientific research show?

A) Women engaged in postdoctoral work are quickly catching

B) Fewer women are applying for postdoctoral positions due to gender

C) Men are believed to be better able to excel in STEM

D) Women who are keenly interested in STEM fields are often

What do the studies find about the recommendation letters for women applicants?

A) They are hardly ever supported by concrete

B) They contain nothing that distinguishes the

C) They provide objective information without

D) They are often filled with praise for exceptional

What did Dutt and her colleagues do with the more than 1,200 letters ofrecommendation?

A) They asked unbiased scholars to evaluate

B) They invited women professionals to edit

C) They assigned them randomly to

D) They deleted all information about

What does Dutt aim to do with her study?

A) Raise recommendation writers" awareness of gender bias in their

B) Open up fresh avenues for women post-doctors to join in research

C) Alert women researchers to all types of gender bias in the STEM

D) Start a public discussion on how to raise women"s status in academic

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet

黄山位于安徽省南部。它风景独特，尤以其日出和云海著称。要欣赏大山的宏伟壮丽，通常得向上看。但要欣赏黄山美景，得向下看。黄山的湿润气候有利于茶树生成，是中国主要产茶地之一。这里还有许多温泉，其泉水有助于防治皮肤病。黄山是中国主要旅游目的地之一，也是摄影和传统国画最受欢迎的主题。

四级英语真题英语四级 第8篇

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following

The fifth largest city in US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy (征税) cents per liquid ounce on

Philadelphil"s new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in

The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with adder sugar, such as Gatorade and iced It"s expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program for the

While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists, made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in

"The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages — including low —and no-calorie choices," said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage "But most importantly, it is against the So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop "

An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a "grocery tax".

Public health groups applauded the approved tax as step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague "The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushed a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places," said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food "indeed, we are already hearing from some of It"s not "just Berkeley" "

Similar measures in California"s Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado"s Boulder are becoming hot-button Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be

What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?

A) It will change the lifestyle of many

B) It may encourage other US cities to fllow

C) It will cut soda consumption among low-income

D) It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda

What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?

A) Bargain with the city

B) Refuse to pay additional

C) Take legal action against

D) Try to win public

What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?

A) It tried to arouse hostile felings among

B) It tried to win grocers" support against the

C) It kept sending ltters of protest to the

D) It criticized the measure through

What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?

A) Alert people to the risk of sugar-induced

B) Help people to fix certain long-time health

C) Add to the fund for their rescarch on

D) Benefit low-income people across the

What do we lear about similar measures concening the soda tax in some other citics?

A) They are becoming rather sensitive

B) They are spreading panic in the soda

C) They are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced

D) They are taking away a lot of proft from the soda

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following

Popping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, and Europe"s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7million cars, a new study has found, and the problem is With costs falling and kitchen appliances becoming "status" users, owners are throwing many microwave after an average of eight This is pushing sales of new microwave which are expected to reach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the

A study by the University of Manchester worked out the emissions of carbon dioxide -- the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change -- at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to waste "It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on the environment," say the authors, who also calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from a According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour to use appliances more For example, electricity consumption by microwaves can be reduced by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of "

However, David Reay, professor of carbon management argues that, although microwaves use a great deal of enery, their emissions are minor compared to those from In the UK alone and these emit way more than all the emissions from microwaves in the Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69m tonnes of CO2 in This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the whole of the " further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard Thus, rising microwave sales could be seen as a positive

What is the finding of the new study?

A) Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more

B) The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our

C) CO2 emissions constitute a major threat to the

D) The use of microwaves emits more CO2 than people

Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?

A) They are becoming more

B) They have a shorter life cycle than other

C) They are gtting much easier to

D) They take less tine to cook than other

What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?

A) Cooking food of dfferent

B) Improving microwave users"

C) Eating less to cut energy

D) Using microwave ovens less

What does Professor David Reay try to argue?

A) There are far more emissions from cars than from

B) People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less

C) The UK produces less CO2 than many other countries in the

D) More data are needed to show whether microwaves are

What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?

A) It will become less popular in the coming

B) It makes everyday cooking much more

C) It plays a positive role in envronmental

D) It consumes more power than conventional

答案

Passage one

Passage two

四级英语真题英语四级 第9篇

leave sb the choice of … or …要么…，要么… (选择类经典句)

Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject

敌人冷酷无情/铁石心肠，我们要么顽强抵抗，要么屈膝投降。

be the instrument of sth 引来某事物的人或事 (使动类经典句)

能够让你幸福，我愿意付出我的一切。

If I can be the instrument of your happiness, I will sacrifice all my

it was the memory / memoriesof 追溯到… (回忆类经典句)

追溯到1964年东京及1988年汉城举办的奥运会，可能分别被视为日韩两国发展的转折点。

Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turningpoints in their nations’

on the premise / ground /prerequisite / proposition / hypothesis / presuposition that 基于一个前提… (假设类经典句)

中国政府在宣布实行和平统一的方针时，是基于一个前提，即当时的台湾当局坚持世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国的一部分。

The Chinese declared to implement thepolicy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of

be bound to 必定…;一定… (意愿类经典句)

西部大开发一定能成为沟通世界各国和中国的一座桥梁，促进中国和世界经济共同发展，共同繁荣。

The Great Western Development is bound tobe a bridge between China and the rest world, promoting the common economic development and prosperity of China and the world at

a matter of sth/doing sth 与…有关的情况或问题(描述类经典句)

请思考一下同一个人现在及八年前说的话。“说到底，‘贫穷’与其说是生活在贫穷的国家里，还不如说是技艺不精。”

Considering the following statements, madeby the same man eight years “Eventually, being ’poor’ won’t be as much a matter ofliving in a poor country as it will be a matter of having poor ”

This is the similar case with/when 这恰如;正如;也会 (比较类经典句)

这恰如我们虽然看不懂莫扎特乐曲的总谱，却照样能同它的主旋律产生共鸣，击节称赞。

This is the similar case when the main melody can evoke a strong echo for us to clap our hands in admiration despiteour disability to understand the score of Mozart’s musical

be exemplified by 这一点也证明了…;这点反映在以下事实：… (举例类经典句)

美国人想把儿童和成人的世界划清界限，这一愿望还反映在以下事实：如果父母在事故中丧生，人们总是设法晚点将消息告诉他们的子女。

This American desire to keep the children’s world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an

constitute… (不用于进行式)是;认为 (判断类经典句)

历史雄辩地说明，中美之间建立在平等互利基础上的劳动分工是最为合理和实用的国际关系。

History has proved eloquently that the division of labor based on equality and mutual benefit between China and USA constitutes the most reasonable and practical international

witness…见证… (发生类经典句)a time or event witnesses sth / sb in aparticular situation or doing a particular

经过二十多年的快速发展，中国西部地区已奠定了一定的物质技术基础，社会保持稳定，市场经济体制正在逐步建立和完善，为西部经济持续快速增长创造了有利的市场环境。

The rapid development in the past 20-plusyears witnesses a relatively solid foundation in terms of material wealth and technology in the western region of

四级英语真题英语四级 第10篇

was dangerous to live

were trapped in an underground

sent supplies to keep the miners

some of its post

mail delivery on

post office staff will lose their

will lose part of his

is a trustworthy

is better at handling such

is always trying to stir up

stay

was never invited to a colleague"s

provide more

16 will automatically be given hiring

17 the school careers

18 study spaces to ensure a quiet

may be sold at a higher

is healthier than green

does not have a stable

prefer unique objects of high

could only try to create at

wise

boost the local

四级英语真题英语四级 第11篇

Part I Writiig (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allouwed 30 minites to wrile an essagfonh online You can start your essay with the sentence “Online libraries are becoming increasingly popular". You shouli urrite at least 120 wonds but no more then 180

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear three news At the end of each news

report, you will hear too or three Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Ansuer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just

A) Ship traffic in the

B) Warm currents mn the

C) Exhaust from cars in

D) Particles emitted by power

A) They need to be taken

B) They have a huge effect on

C) They might be causing trouble to air

D) They may be affecting the world"s

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just

A) To appeal for higher

B) To demand better health

C) To call for a permnanent security

D) To dismiss the bad-tempered

A) It had already taken strong

B) It would put customers" needs

C) It would take their appeal

D) It was seeking help from the

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news repoirt you have just

A) The road was

B) The road was

C) The road wasfrozen with

D) The road was covered with spilled

A) A truck plunged into a pool of liquid

B) The heavy snow made driving very

C) The truck driver dozed off while

D) A truck hit a barrier and

A) It was a long time before the dleanup was

B) It was a hard task to remove the spilled

C) It was fortunate that no passenger got

D) It was difficult to contact the

Section B

Directions: In this section, you wil hear twoo long At the end of each conversation,you will hear four Both the conversation and the questioms will be spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding Letter on Ansuer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 8 to11 are based on the conversation you have just

A) She wanted to save for a new

C) She could enjoy discounts with

B) She found it much safer to use

D) She had been cheated using phone

A) They can save a lot more time and

B) They find it less difficult to make

C) They derive greater pleasure from buying

D) They are less aware of the value of their

A) More valuable

B) More non-essential

C) Everyday

D) Electronic

A) It can improve shopping

B) It is altering the way of

C) It may lead to excessive

D) It appeals more to younger

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just

A) He wanted to order some wooden

B) He had to change the furmiture delivery

C) He had a problem with the fumiture

D) He wanted the furmiture store to give him a

A) Send the furniture back to the

B) Describe the fumiture he

C) Collect the fumiture he

D) Buy another brand of

A) Correct their

B) Improve their

C) Apologize to his

D) Give the money

A) She recommended a new

B) She offered some gift to the

C) She apologized to the man once

D) She checked all the items with the

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only you hear a question, you must choose the best from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Ansuer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just

A) Reading books of

B) Tidying up one"s

C) Sharing with

D) Donating to

A) Things that make one

B) Things that are becoming

C) Things that occupy lttle

D) Things that cost a lot of

A) It joined the city"s clean-up

B) It sold as many as fty boxes of

C) It received an incredibly large number of donated

D) It did lttle business because of the unusual cold

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just

A) Give free meals to the

B) Provide shelter for the

C) Help the vulnerable to cook

D) Call for change in the local

A) Strengthen

C) Win national

B) Promote

D) Follow his

A) Spreading news of his

B) Writing him thank-you

C) Following the example he

D) Sending him hand- made

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just

A) To solve word search

B) To send smartphone

C) To test their eyesight using a phone

D) To install some audio equipment in a

A) They could not go on until the ringing

B) They could no longer concentrate on their

C) They grabbed the phone and called back right

D) They asked their experimenter to hang up the

A) A rise In emotional

B) A decline in sports

C) A reduction in the amount of

D) A decline in academuc

A) Protect the eyesight of the younger

B) Take effective measures to raise

C) Realize the disruptive effects of

D) Ensure they have suffcient sleep every

Part I Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bankt following the the passage through canfully before making your Bach choice in the bank is identified by a Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Ansuer Sheet 2 with a single line through the You may not use any of the wornds in the bankt more than

There"re three main types of financial stress people The first type is apparent in people being stressed about the 26______ups and downs of investunent markets actually not so much the ups,but 27______ the These people are usually unable or unprepared to endure the long

The next common type of financial stress is that caused by In a 28______percentage of cases of debt- induced financial stress, credit cards and loans will be a central Often there"ll be a car loan and perhaps a mortgage, but credit cards often seem to be the gateway to debt related financial difculties for

The third type of stress and 29______ the least known is inherited fnancial stress, which is the most It is experienced by those who have grown up in households where their parents regularly 30______and fought about Money therefore becomes a stressful topic, and so the thought of sitting down and planning is an unattractive 31______

Those suffering inherited financial anciety 32______to follow one of two Either they put their head in the sand: they would 33______exarmining their financial statements, budgeting,and discussing fnancial matters with those closest to Alternatiely,they would go to the other,and micro-analyze everything, to the point of complete They"re convinced that whatever decision they make will be the wrong

A) appearance

B) argued

C) avoid

D) considerable

E) definitely

F) extreme

G) inaction

H) incredibly

I) normal

J) possibly

K) proposition

L) rebelled

M) statement

N) tend

O) traditional

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage writh ten statements attached to Each statement contains information given in one of the Identify the paragraph from which the information is You may choose a paragraph mone than Each paragraph is manked with a Ansuwer the questioms by manking the corresponding letter om Ansuer Sheet

Doctor"s orders: Let children just play

A) Imagine a dnug that could enhance a child"s creativity and critical Imagine that this drug were simple to make, safe to take, and could be had for The nation"s leading pediatricians say this miracle compound In a new clinical report, they are urging doctors to prescribe it liberally to the children in their

B)“This may seem old-fashioned, but there are skills to be leamed when kids aren"t told what to do,said Yogman, a Harvard Medical School pediatrician who led the drafting of the call to Whether it"s rough physical play, outdoor play or pretend play, kids derive important lessons from the chance to make things up as they go, he

C) The advice, issued Monday by the American Academy of Pediatrics, may come as a shock to some After spending years fretting over which toys to buy, which apps to download and which skill-building programs如o send their kids to after school, letting them simply play or better yet, playing with them- could seem like a step The pediatricians insist that it"s The academy"s guidance does not include specific recommendations for the dosing of Instead, it asks doctors to advise parents before their babies tum two that play is essential to healthy

D)“Play is not silly behavior,”the academy"s report fosters children"s creativity,cooperation, and problem- solving slills- all of which are critical for a 2lst century parents engage in play with their children, it builds a wall against the harmful effects of all kinds of stress , including poverty, the academy In the pediatricians" view, essentially every life skill that"s valued in adults can be built up with “ Collaboration, negotiation, decision-making,creativity, leadership, and increased physical activity are just some of the skills and benefts children gain through play," they The pediatricians" appeal comes as kids are being squeezed by increasing academic demands at school and the constant invasion of digital

E) The trends have been a long time Between 1981 and 1997, detailed time use studies showed that the time children spent at play declined by 25 Since the adoption of sweeping education reforms in 20XX，public schools have steadily increased the amount of time devoted to preparing for

standardized The focus on academic“skill and drills" has cut deeply into recess

and other time for free

F) By 20XX, a study of Los Angeles kindergarten classrooms found that five year-olds were so burdened with academic requirements that they were down to an average of just 19 minutes per day of“choice time," when they were permitted to play freely with blocks, toys or other in four Los Angeles teachers reported there was no time at all for“ free ”Increased academic pressures have left 30 percent of kindergarten classes without any Such findings prompted the American Academy of Pediatrics to issue a policy statement in 20XX on the“crucial role of recess in ”

G) Pediatricians aren"t the only ones who have In a report titled“Crisis in the Kindergarten,"a group of educators, health professionals and child advocates called the loss of play in early childhood“a tragedy, both for the children themselves and for our nation and the ”Kids in play-based kindergartens“ end up equally good or better at reading and other intellectual skills,and they are more likely to become well- adjusted healthy people," the Alliance for Childhood said in , new research demonstrates why playing with blocks might have been time better spent, Yogman The trial asssed the effectiveness of an early mathematics intervention aimed a results showed almost no gains in math

H) Another playtime thief: the growing proportion of kids" time spent in front of screens and digital devices, even among Last year, Common Sense Media reported that children up through age eight spent an average of two hours and 19 minutes in front of screens each day,including an average of 42 minutes a day for those under This increase of digital use comes with rising risks of obesity, sleep deprivation and cogmnitioe，language and social-emotional delays, the American Academy of Pediatrics warmed in

I)“I respect that parents have busy lives and it"s easy to hand a child an iPhone," Yogman “But there"s a cost to For young children, it"s much too And kids really leam better when they"re actively engaged and have to really discover

J) The decline of play is a special hazard for the roughly 1 in 5 children in the United States who live in These 14 million children most urgently need to develop the resilience that is cultivated with Instead, Yogman said, they are disproportionately affected by some of the trends that are making play scarce:academic pressures at schools that need to improve test scores,outside play areas that are limited or unsafe, and parents who lack the time or energy to share in

K) Yogman also worries about the pressures that squeeze playtime for more affluent “The notion that as parents we need to schedule every minute of their time is not doing them a great service," he Even well-meaning parents may be“robbing them of the opportunity to have that joy of discovery and curiosity- -the opportunity如o find things out on their

L) Play may not be a hard sell to But UCLA pediatrician Carlos Lerner acknowledged that the pediaticians" new prescription may meet with skepticism from parents, who are anxious for advice on how to give their kids a leg up in the They should welcome the simplicity of the message, Lemner “It"s liberating to be able to offer them this advice: that you spending time with your child and letting him play is one of the most valuable things you can do," he “It doesn"t have to involve spending a lot of money or time , or joining a parenting It"s something we can offer that"s They just don"t recognize it right now as particularly ”

use of digital devices steals away children"s

the beginning of this century, an increasing amount of time has been shifted in public schools from recess to academic

has been acknowledged that while kids may welcome pediatricians" recommendation， their parents may doubt its

to some professionals, deprivation of young children"s playtime will do harm not only to children themselves but to the country and the

playing with children, parents can prevent them from being harmed by

with digital devices discourages kds from active discovery, according to pediatrician Michael

suggestion of letting children simply play may sound like going backwards to parents who want to help build their children"s

Michael Yogman believes the idea that parents should carefully schedule children"s time may not be helpful to their

One quarter of teachers in an American city said that children in kindergartens had no time for playing

According to a pediatrician, no matter what kind of play children engage in, they are leaming how to create

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished For each of them there are four choices markedA), B), C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mank the corresponding letter on Ansuer

Sheet 2 with a single line through the

Paasage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following

Americans spend bilions of dollars each year trying to change their weight with diets, gym memberships and plastic

Trying to live uψ to the images of“perfect" models and movie heroes has a dark side: anxiety,depression, as well as unhealthy strategies for weight loss or muscle It also has a fnancial an eating disorder boosts arnual health care costs by nearly US $2 000 per

Why is there both extemal and internal pressure to look “ perfect"? One reason is that society rewards people who are thin and Researchers have shown that body mass index is related to wages and Especially for women, there is a clear penalty at work for being overweight or Some studies have also found an impact for men, though a less noticeable

While the research literature is clear that labor market success is partly based on how employers and customers perceive your body image, no one had explored the other side of the a person"s own perception of body image matter to earmings and other indicators of success in the workplace?

Our recently published study answered this question by tracling a large national random sarmple of Americans over a critical time period when bodies change from teenage shape into adult form and when people build their

As in other research, women in our sample tend to over-perceive their weight they think they"re heavier than they are- -while men tend to under-perceive

We found no relationship between the average person"s self-perception of weight and labor market outcomes，although self-perceived weight can influence self- esteem, mental health and health

While the continued gender penalty in the labor market is frustrating, our finding that misperceived weight does not harm workers is more

Since employers" perception of weight is what matters in the labor market,changing discrimination laws to include body type as a category would Michigan is the only state that prohibits discrimination on the basis of weight and We believe expanding such protections would make the labor market more fair and

What does the author say may have an adverse impact on people?

A) Undergoing plastic surgeries in pursuit of

B) Imitating the lifestyles of heroes and role

C) Striving to achieve perfection regardless of financial

D) Attempting to meet society"s expectation of

What have researchers found out about people"s eamings?

A) They are closely related to people"s social

B) They have to do with people"s body weight and

C) They seem to matter much less to men than to

D) They may not be equal to people"s

What does the author"s recent study focus on?

A) Previous literature on indicators of competitiveness in the

B) Traits that matter most in one"s pursuit of success in the labor

C) Whether self-perception of body image impacts one"s workplace

D) How bosses" perception of body image impacts employees"

What is the finding of the author"s recent research?

A) Being overweight actually does not do much harm to the overall well-being of

B) People are not adversely affected in the workplace by false self-perception of body

C) Self-esteem helps to combat gender inequality in the

D) Gender inequality continues to fnustrate a lot of female

What does the author think would help improve the situation in the labor market?

A) Banning discrimination on the basis of employees" body

B) Expanding protection of women against gender

C) Helping employees change their own perception of

D) Excluding body shape as a category in the labor

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following

The work-life balance is By this, I"m not advocating that you should give up your pursuit of having a fulblling career and a thriving personal life, and I"m definitely not saying that you have to give up one to have the I also acknowledge that we have a work-life problem, but T"m arguing that the concept of balance has never been helpful, because it"s too You see, our language makes a difference, and how we refer to things matters because it affects our thinking and therefore our

At the minimum, most of us work because we want如be able to support ourselves , our fanilies,and the people around In the ideal world, we"re all doing work that we"re proud of and that provides meaning and purpose to But even if your job doesn"t give you shivers of joy each new day, working is a part of what each of us does and the contribution we make to When you separate work and life, it"s a lttle bit harder to make that when you think of work as part of a full life and a complete experience, it becomes easier to see that success in one aspect often supports

Losing your balance and falling isn"t A goal to balance suggests that things could quickly get off balance, and that causes terible It"s more constructive to think of solutions that continue to evolve over shifts in life and Rather than falling or failing, you may have good days or better days or not-so-good These variations are normal, and it"s more useful to think of life as something that is ever evolving and changing, rather than a high-risk enterprise where things could go wrong with one

How we tlk to ourselves matters, and how we talk about issues makes a Let"s bury “work-life balance”and think bigger and better about work-life fulfllment to do a little less balancing and a lot more

What does the author suggest by saying“The work-life balance is dead"?

A) The hope of achieving a thriving life is impossible to

B) The pursuit of a ful6lling career involves personal

C) The imbalance between work and life simply doesn"t exist

D) The concept of work-life balance contributes lttle to a flflling

What does the author say about our use of language?

A) It impacts how we think and

C) It reflects how we

B) It changes with the passage of

D) It differs from person to

What does the author say we do in an ideal world?

A) We do work that betters the lives of our families and

B) We do work that gives us bursts of joy each new

C) We do meaningful work that contributes to

D) We do demanding work that brings our capacity into full

What does the author say about life?

A) It is

C) It is

B) It is

D) It is

What does the author advise us to do?

A) Make life as simple as

C) Balance life and work in a new

B) Talk about balance in simpler

D) Strive for a more fulflling

Part IV

Translation(30 minutes )

Directions: For this part, you are allouwed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese You should write your answer on Ansuer Sheet

茅台( Moutai)是中国最有名的白酒,在新中国成立前夕，被选为国宴用酒。据说赤水沿岸的村民四千年前就开始酿造茅台。在西汉时期，那里的人们生产出了高质量的茅台，并把它贡给皇帝。自唐朝开始,这种地方酒通过海上丝绸之路运往海外。茅台味道柔和,有一种特殊的香味;适量饮用可以帮助缓解疲劳，有镇静作用,因而广受国内外消费者的喜爱。

四级英语真题英语四级 第12篇

Part Ⅰ Writing

Mutual Understanding Is Most Important

When we talk about the relationship between doctors and patients, what comes into mymind is generally negative However, I believe there is a way for doctors andpatients to get along harmoniously—that is mutual

On the one hand, patients are helpless and worried when they go to Sodoctor"s attitude or response is critically important for them and their On theother hand, doctors have to face so many patients every day that they even have no timeto take a Such a high intensity of work could drive a man Thus, if they canstand in each other"s shoes, most problems could be Otherwise, a doctor"s briefconclusion about the condition of patients might be regarded as cold blood and result

Nowadays, much effort has been made to case the tension of But I think the most effective one is mutual understanding and

Part II Listening Comprehension

说明：由于20XX年12月四级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前两套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35：GLFOC EMNJB

36-45：HDOMB LKJGF

46-55：BADCA CCBDA

Part IV Translation

Located in southern Anhui province in eastern China, Huangshan is known for its uniquenatural scenery, particularly sunrises and sea of To appreciate the magnificenceof the mountain, you have to look upward in most cases; while to enjoy the fascinatinglandscape of Huangshan, you"ve got to look The humid climate of the areaoffers favorable conditions for tea trees to grow, which makes the surrounding area ofHuangshan one of the major producers of The mountain is also home to numeroushot springs, which are helpful for preventing skin As one of the top touristdestinations in China, Huangshan represents the most popular theme of photographicworks and traditional Chinese

四级英语真题英语四级 第13篇

听力真题

Section A News Report

Directions：
In this section, you will hear three news At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just

A) The number of male nurses has gone

B) There is discrimination against male

C) There is a growing shortage of medical

D) The number of nurses has dropped to a record

A) Working

B) Educational

C) Inadequate

D) Cultural

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just

A) He fell out of a

B) He was almost

C) He lost his way on a

D) He enjoyed swimming in the

A) The lifeboats patrol the area round the

B) The beach is a good place to watch the

C) The emergency services are

D) The beach is a popular tourist

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just

A) It climbed 25 storeys at one

B) It broke into an office

C) It escaped from a local

D) It became an online

A) Release it into the

B) Return it to its

C) Send it back to the

D) Give it a physical

A) A racoon can perform acts no human

B) A racoon can climb much higher than a

C) The racoon did something no politician

D) The raccoon became as famous as some

Section B Conversation

Directions：
In this section, you will hear two long At the end of each conversations you will hear four Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only After you hear a You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just

A) She received a bonus

B) She got a well-paying job in a

C She received her first monthly

D) She got a pay raise for her

A) Two decades

B) Several years

C) Just last

D) Right after

A) He sent a small check to his

B) He treated his parents to a nice

C) He took a few of his friends to a

D) He immediately deposited it in a

A) Join her colleagues for gym

B) Visit her former university

C) Buy some professional

D) Budget her salary

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just

A) He has just too many things to attend

B) He has been overworked

C) He has a difficult decision to

D) He has just quarreled with his

A) Turn to his girlfriend for

B) Give priority to things more

C) Think twice before making the

D) Seek advice from his family and

A) His girlfriend does not support his

B) He is not particularly keen on the job

C) He lacks the money for his doctoral

D) His parents and advisor have different

A)They need time to make

B) They haven"t started their careers

C) They need to save enough money for

D) They haven"t won their parents"

Section C Passage

Directions：
In this section, you will hear three At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just

A) Expressing ideas and opinions

B) Enriching social and intellectual

C) Acquiring information and professional

D) Using information to understand and solve

A) Traveling to different places in the

B) Playing games that challenge one"s

C) Improving mind-reading

D) Reading classic scientific

A) Participate in debates or

B) Expose themselves to different

C) Discard personal biases and

D) Give others freedom to express

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just

A) Why dogs can be faithful friends of

B) The nature of relationships between

C) The reason a great many people love

D) How dogs feel about their bonds with

A) They behave like other animals in many

B) They have an unusual sense of

C) They can respond to humans"

D) They can fall in love just like

A) They stay with one partner for

B) They have their own joys and

C) They experience true romantic

D) They help humans in various

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just

A) A rare

B) A historical

C) A cow

D) A precious

A) Dating

B) Preserving

C) Measuring

D) Identifying

A) The channel needs to interview the

B) The boy should have called an

C) The boy"s family had acted

D) The site should have been

A) Conduct a more detailed

B) Ask the university to reward

C) Search for similar fossils

D) Seek additional funds for the

四级英语真题英语四级 第14篇

8：50—9：00试音时间

9：00—9：10播放考场指令，发放作文考卷

9：10取下耳机，开始作文考试

9：35—9：40重新戴上耳机，试音寻台，准备听力考试

9：40开始听力考试，电台开始放音

9：40—10：05听力考试

10：05—10:10听力考试结束后(停止答题)收答题卡一(即作文和听力)

10：10—11：25继续考试，完成剩余考试

11：25全部考试结束。

四级英语真题英语四级 第15篇

Watching more than 3 hours of television a day doubles memory loss in older people, a new study of more than 3,000 adults Scientist at University College London used memory and fluency tests on the same group of people 6 years They found that those who watched on average less than 3 hours television a day showed a decline ever round 4 to 5 percent, while those who tended to watch more than 3 hours a day declined by an average of 8 to 10 The research team say they believe the alert but passive nature of television watching maybe creating stress on the mind, which contributes to memory

一项以3000多名成年人为实验对象的新研究表明，每天看电视超过3小时会使老年人记忆力减退问题加重一倍。伦敦大学学院的科学家对同一组受试者进行了一项时间间隔长达6年的记忆力和流利性测试。他们发现，那些平均每天看电视时长不到3小时的人表现出了4%~5%的记忆力衰退问题，而那些习惯每天看3小时以上的人记忆力下降的平均幅度为8%~10%。研究小组表示，他们认为看电视警觉但被动的本质会对大脑产生压力，从而导致记忆力的下降。

Older people who watch more television are also less likely to undertake activities knowing to preserve mental functioning, such as reading or interactive screen base pursuits, such as using the internet or playing video The researchers say that television viewing maybe a risk factor for all Alzheimer"s disease, but more researches needed to establish a

同时，看电视看得更多的老年人也不太可能去做那些我们大家都知道有助于保持大脑活跃度的活动，比如阅读以及上网或玩电脑游戏等基于屏幕、讲究互动的活动。研究人员表示，所有阿尔茨海默症（老年痴呆）可能都跟看电视有关，但要确定两者之间的联系还需更多研究。

While watching television may have educational benefits and relaxation benefits, the researchers advise that adults over the age of 50 should try and ensure that television viewing is balanced with other contrasting If you"re concerned that the amount of television you"re watching could have a negative impact on your health, you should eliminate the amount of TV watch each day and undertake some healthy

尽管看电视可能具有一定的教育、放松作用，但研究人员建议，50岁以上的成年人应该努力确保看电视与其他截然相反的活动保持平衡。如果你担心你看电视的时长可能会对你的健康产生负面影响，那建议你减少每天看电视的时间，从事一些健康的爱好。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just

请根据上述文段回答22-25题。

By what means does scientist at University College London measure memory lost?

问题22：伦敦大学学院的科学家用什么方法检测记忆力损失的？

What contributed to memory decline in the participants?

问题23：是什么导致了参与者的记忆力下降？

What did the researchers say about their finding concerning the link between TV viewing and this disease?

问题24：关于看电视和这种疾病之间的联系，研究人员对他们的发现有何看法？

What do the researchers suggest older people do?

问题25：研究人员建议老年人做些什么？

四级英语真题英语四级 第16篇

导语：大学英语四级考试，即CET-4，College English Test Band 4的缩写，是由国家教育部高等教育司主持的全国性教学考试。下面是小编给大家整理的英语四级万能句子内容，希望能给你带来帮助!

1)用于描写漫画、图表的常用句型

①As the graph depicts , …

②From the cartoon /picture , we can see that …

③According to the statistics shown in the first /second graph ,

④The table shows / indicates / reveals that …

⑤It can be seen /concluded from the picture / table / figures that …

(2)用于句首提出论题或现象的句

四级英语真题英语四级 第17篇

Part I Writing

Dear Mike,

How"s everything going? Last time you said you felt inclined to learn Chinese but had no clue where to So I"m writing to recommend a place to you -- the Confucius Institute, an established language center aimed to promote Chinese language and

The reasons for my recommendation are as Firstly, this Chinese government-funded educational institute is staffed by the most experienced, professional Chinese teachers, which ensures high-quality You can turn to them whenever you encounter difficulties in mastering the tones and the Secondly, students there are encouraged to take part in activities ranging from making traditional food to learning clligraphy, as a means of exposing them to the appealing aspects of Chinese Besides, the organization is now widely embraced by more than two million That means you aren" t alone as a beginner and will probably forge deep friendships with other

Learming a language from scratch won"t be But I believe you"ll find yourself having fun while improving your Chinese

Best wishes,

Li Hua

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension

A

D

B

C

D

A

C

C

A

B

A

C

D

D

B

D

B

A

B

D

A

C

B

C

A

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35：BLKAO CEGDH

36-45：EIBGD JAFCH

46-55：CDACB DADCB

Part IV Translation

China"s family values are related to its cultural Harmonious extended families used to be very It was not uncommon in the past for four generations of a family to live under the same According to the tradition, many young people continued to live with their parents after Today, that tradition is As housing conditions improve, more and more young couples are opting to live apart from their But the connections between them still remain Many old people still help to look after their And young couples take time to visit their parents, especially during important festivals such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn

四级英语真题英语四级 第18篇

Part Ⅰ Writing

The Importance of Writing Ability and Howto Develop It

As the most productive and communicative way to express ourselves, writing isattached great importance in all Whether we want to improve our writing skills as acreative writer or simply perfect our skills for schoolwork, we can take some steps tolearn how to be a better

Firstly, in order to make our writing creative and imaginative, brainstorming is one ofthe key elements to build up a unique Don"t hesitate to take down all the ideasthat come into our Secondly, a good development of our writing is based on a clearstructure or paragraph Even a simple outline will help us see the bigpicture and save us hours of Finally, diversity of vocabulary and grammarused in writing is highly recommended for the reason that one of the most commonmanifestations of bad writing is overuse or reuse of simple

To sum up, we should take practice and expand our knowledge to become a With enough hard work and scientific techniques, we will amaze not onlyourselves but also anybody

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension

B)

D) It was covered with large

A) A study of the fast-food

C) Increased variety of

C) government"s approval of private space

A) Deliver scientific equipment to the

B) It is

D) Lying in the sun on a Thai

A) She visited a Thai

D) His phone is running out of

C) He collects things from different

D) Trying out a new gym in

C) A discount for a half-year

A) The safety of

C) She knows the basics of

B) They often apply for a number of

A) Get better

B) Personalize each

B) If not forced to go to school, kids would be out in the

D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on

D) Take kids out of school to learn at first

C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any

D) It offers people a chance to

A) Their state of mind

B) It is

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35: MNCJF KLBIE

36-45: EJGCN FBLDH

46-55: BACDA CBADD

Part IV Translation

Buses used to be the main means of transportation for the Chinese In recentyears, with the number of private cars increasing, cities have been facing increasinglysevere traffic To encourage more people to travel by bus, many cities havebeen making efforts to improve bus Bus facilities have been continuouslyrenovated, and bus speed has also increased However, bus fares are Now, in most cities, many local elderly citizens can take a bus for

四级英语真题英语四级 第19篇

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to besthandle the relationship between parents and You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)

听力音频MP3文件，点击进入听力真题页面

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear three news At the end of each newsreport, you will hear two or three Both the news report and the questions willbe spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just

A) Her

B) Her

C) Her friend

D) Her little

A) By taking pictures for

B) By selling lemonade and

C) By working part time at a

D) By asking for help on social

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just

A) Testing the efficiency of the new solar

B) Providing clean energy to five million

C) Generating electric power for passing

D) Finding cheaper ways of highway

A) They are made from cheap

B) They are only about half an inch

C) They can be laid right on top of existing

D) They can stand the wear and tear of natural

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just

A) The lack of clues about the

B) Inadequate funding for

C) Endless fighting in the

D) The hazards from the

A) To observe the wildlife in the two national

B) To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and

C) To identify the reasons for the lions"

D) To find evidence of the existence of the "lost lions".

A) Lions"

B) Lions

C) Some camping

D) Traps set by local

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long At the end of eachconversation, you will hear four Both the conversation and the questionswill be spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just

A) A special gift from the

B) Her wedding

C) A call from her

D) Her "lucky birthday".

A) Threw her a surprise

B) Took her on a trip

C) Bought her a good

D) Gave her a big model

A) What her husband and the man are up

B) What has been troubling her

C) The trip her husband has

D) The gift her husband has

A) He wants to find out about the couple"s holiday

B) He is eager to learn how the couple"s holiday turns

C) He will tell the women the secret if her husband

D) He will be glad to be a guide for the couple"s holiday

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just

A) They take the rival"s attitude into

B) They know when to adopt a tough

C) They see the importance of making

D) They are sensitive to the dynamics of a

A) They know when to

B) They know how to

C) They know when to make

D) They know how to control their

A) They are

B) They learn

C) They are good at

D) They uphold their

A) Clarify items of

B) Make clear one"s

C) Get to know the other

D) Formulate one"s

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four Both the passage and the questions will be spokenonly After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just

A) How space research benefits people on

B) When the International Space Station was

C) How many space shuttle missions there will

D) When America"s earliest space program

A) They tried to make best use of the latest

B) They tried to meet astronauts" specific

C) They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer

D) They accurately calculated the speed of the orbiting

A) They are expensive to

B) They are extremely

C) They were first made in

D) They were invented in the

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just

A) Everything was natural and genuine

B) People had plenty of land to cultivate

C) It marked the beginning of something

D) It was when her ancestors came to

A) They were known to be

B) They enjoyed living a life of

C) They had all kinds of

D) They believed in working for

A) Chatting with her

B) Doing needlework by the

C) Furnishing her country

D) Polishing all the silver

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just

A) Sit down and try to calm

B) Call your family or friends for

C) Use a map to identify your

D) Try to follow your footprints

A) You may end up entering a

B) You may get drowned in a sudden

C) You may expose yourself to unexpected

D) You may find a way out without your knowing

A) Walk

B) Look for

C) Start a

D) Wait

A) Check the local

B) Find a map and a

C) Prepare enough food and

D) Inform somebody of your

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passagewith ten You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choicesgiven in a word bank following the Read the passage through carefully beforemaking your Each choice in the bank is identified by a Please mark thecorresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through You may not use any of the words in the bank more than

A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, butthese creatures have some 26 skills that could help the treatment of human

Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 27 , but they are just the latest in along line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help Despitehaving a brain no bigger than the 28 of your index finger, pigeons have a veryimpressive 29 Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be asaccurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in

Rats are often 30 with spreading disease rather than 31 it, but this long-tailed animal ishighly 32 . Inside a rat"s nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors (嗅觉感受器), whereas humans only have 100 to 200 This gives rats the ability to detect33 As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB (肺结核). When therats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to 34 a sample is

Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to 35 , but for a rat it takes less than 20 This rat detection method doesn"t rely onspecialist It is also more accurate—the rats are able to find more TBinfections and, therefore, save more

A) associated B) examine C) indicate D) nuisance E) peak F) preventing G) prohibitingH) sensitive I) slight J) specify K) superior L) suspicious M) tip N) treated O)visual

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to Each statement contains information given in one of the Identify the paragraph from which the information is You may choose aparagraph more than Each paragraph is marked with a Answer the questionsby marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet

Do In-Class Exams Make Students Study Harder?

Research suggests they may study more broadly for the unexpected rather than searchfor

[A] I have always been a poor So it may seem rather strange that I havereturned to college to finish the degree I left undone some four decades I ammaking my way through Columbia University, surrounded by students who quicklysupply the verbal answer while I am still processing the

[B] Since there is no way for me to avoid exams, I am currently questioning what kindare the most taxing and ultimately I have already sweated throughnumerous in-class midterms and finals, and now I have a professor who issues take-home I was excited when I learned this, figuring I had a full week to do theresearch, read the texts, and write it all In fact, I was still rewriting my midterm themorning it was To say I had lost the thread is putting it

[C] As I was suffering through my week of anxiety, overthinking the material andguessing my grasp of it, I did some of my own polling among students and David Eisenbach, who teaches a popular class on presidents at Columbia, prefersthe in-class He believes students ultimately learn more and encourages themto form study "That way they socialize over history outside the class, whichwouldn"t happen without the pressure of an in-class exam," he explained, "Furthermore, in-class exams force students to learn how to perform under pressure, an essentialwork "

[D] He also says there is less chance of cheating with the in-class In 20XX, 125 students at Harvard were caught up in a scandal when it was discovered they hadcheated on a take-home exam for a class entitled "Introduction To " Somecolleges have what they call an "honor code," though if you are smart enough to getinto these schools, you are either smart enough to get around any codes or hopefully, too ethical to consider doing As I sat blocked and clueless for two solid days, Imomentarily wondered if I couldn"t just call an expert on the subject matter which I wastackling, or someone who took the class previously, to get me

[E] Following the Harvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean of students at Yale, made an impassioned appeal to her school"s professors to refrain from "Students risk health and well being, as well as performance in other end-of-term work, when faculty offers take-home exams without clear, time-limitedboundaries," she told "Research now shows that regular quizzes, short essays, andother assignments over the course of a term better enhance learning and "

[F] Most college professors agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on A quantitative-based one, for example, is unlikely to be sent home, where onecould ask their older brothers and sisters to Vocational-type classes, such ascomputer science or journalism, on the other hand, are often more research-oriented andlend themselves to take-home Chris Koch, who teaches "History of BroadcastJournalism" at Montgomery Community College in Rockville, Maryland, points out thatreporting is about investigation rather than the memorization of minute "In myfield, it"s not what you know—it"s what you know how to find out," says "There isway too much information, and more coming all the time, for anyone to Iwant my students to search out the answers to questions by using all the resourcesavailable to "

[G] Students" test-form preferences vary, too, often depending on the subject andcourse "I prefer take-home essays because it is then really about the writing, so you have time to edit and do more research," says Elizabeth Dresser, a junior Then there is the stress Francesca Haass, a senior at Middlebury, says, "I find the in-class ones are more stressful in the short term, but there isimmediate relief as you swallow information like mad, and then you get to forget Take-homes require thoughtful engagement which can lead to longer term stressas there is never a moment when the time is " Meanwhile, Olivia Rubin, a sophomoreat Emory, says she hardly even considers take-homes true "If you understandthe material and have the ability to articulate (说出) your thoughts, they should be "

[H] How students ultimately handle stress may depend on their personal There are people who always wait until the last minute, and make it muchharder than it needs to And then there those who, not knowing what questions arecoming at them, and having no resources to refer to, can And then there are werare folks who fit both those

[I] Yes, my advanced age must factor into the equation (等式), in part because of myinability to access the information as As another returning student at Columbia, Kate Marber, told me, "We are learning not only all this information, but essentially howto learn Our fellow students have just come out of high A lot has changedsince we were last in "

[J] If nothing else, the situation has given my college son and me something to When I asked his opinion on this matter, he responded, "I like in-class exams becausethe time is already reserved, as opposed to using my free time at home to work on atest," he It seems to me that a compromise would be receiving the examquestions a day or two in advance, and then doing the actual test in class the tickingclock

[K] Better yet, how about what one Hunter College professor reportedly did recently forher final exam: She encouraged the class not to stress or even study, promising that, "It is going to be apiece of " When the students came in, sharpened pencils in hand, there was not a blue book in Rather, they saw a large chocolate cake and theyeach were given a

Elderly students find it hard to keep up with the rapid changes in

Some believe take-home exams may affect students" performance in

Certain professors believe in-class exams are ultimately more helpful to

In-class exams are believed to discourage cheating in

The author was happy to learn she could do some exams at

Students who put off their work until the last moment often find the exams moredifficult than they actually

Different students may prefer different types of

Most professors agree whether to give an in-class or a take-home exam depends ontype of course being

The author dropped out of college some forty years

Some students think take-home exams will eat up their free

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the

Passage One

Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following

That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliarsurroundings is a phenomenon known as the "first-night" If a person stays in thesame room the following night they tend to sleep more Yuka Sasaki and hercolleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this

Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performancemight be affected the following She also knew from previous work conducted onbirds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so thatthey can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her towonder if people might be doing the same To take a closer look, her team studied35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university"sDepartment of Psychological The participants each slept in the department fortwo nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity oftheir Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their firstnight than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep andsleeping less During deep sleep, the participants" brains behaved in a similarmanner seen in birds and On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) oftheir brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres

Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process informationdetected in the surrounding environment, Sasaki re-ran the experiment whilepresenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of thesame tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the She worked outthat, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and wouldignore the regularly timed This is precisely what she

What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect?

A) To what extent it can trouble

B) What role it has played in

C) What circumstances may trigger

D) In what way it can be

What do we learn about Yuka Sasaki doing her research?

A) She found birds and dolphins remain alert while

B) She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same

C) She got some idea from previous studies on birds and

D) She conducted studies on birds" and dolphins" sleeping

What did Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?

A) She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new

B) She recruited 35 participants from her Department of Psychological

C) She studied the differences between the two sides of participants"

D) She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human

What did Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?

A) She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on

B) She recorded participants" adaptation to changed

C) She exposed her participants to two different

D) She compared the responses of different

What did Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?

A) They tended to enjoy certain tones more than

B) They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a

C) They felt sleepy when exposed to regular

D) They differed in their tolerance of irregular

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following

It"s time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in It willonly slow you down and hinder your career

Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as manywomen than men ages 18-44 reported feeling "very tired" or "exhausted", according to arecent

This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have It"s also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and Onereason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying "" Womenwant to be able to do it all— volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals—and sotheir answer to any request is often "Yes, I "

Women struggle to say "no" in the workplace for similar reasons, including the desire tobe liked by their Unfortunately, this inability to say "no" may be hurtingwomen"s heath as well as their

At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women oftenavoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don"t want to be viewed asaggressive or disruptive at For example, there"s a problem that needs to beaddressed immediately, resulting in a dispute over who should be the one to fix Menare more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most, whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what"s theeasiest and quickest way to resolve the problem—even if that means doing the boringwork

This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promotedto a leadership position and who does Leaders have to be able to delegate andmanage resources wisely—including staff Shouldering more of the workloadmay not earn you that Instead, it may highlight your inability to

What does the author say is the problem with women?

A) They are often unclear about the career goals to

B) They are usually more committed at home than on the

C) They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could

D) They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their

Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?

A) They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and

B) They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a

C) They do their best to cooperate with their

D) They are obliged to take up too many

What may hinder the future prospects of career women?

A) Their unwillingness to say "no".

B) Their desire to be considered

C) An underestimate of their own

D) A lack of courage to face

Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in

A) women tend to be easily satisfied

B) men are generally more persuasive

C) men tend to put their personal interests first

D) women are much more ready to compromise

What is important to a good leader?

A) A dominant

B) The ability to

C) The courage to admit

D) A strong sense of

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet

泰山位于山东省西部。海拔1，500余米，方圆约400平方公里。泰山不仅雄伟壮观，而且是一座历史文化名山，过去3，000多年一直是人们前往朝拜的地方。据记载，共有72位帝王曾来此游览。许多作家到泰山获取灵感，写诗作文，艺术家也来此绘画。山上因此留下了许许多多的文物古迹。泰山如今已成为中国一处主要的旅游景点。

四级英语真题英语四级 第20篇

Part I Writing （30 minutes）

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic You should write at least 150 words following the outline given

一次性塑料袋的使用

使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题

限制一次性塑料袋的意义

Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bag

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet

For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D].

For questions 8 -10, complete the sentences with the information given in the

That’s enough, kids

It was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the

“I’d watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he’d shoved,” she ” I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, ’No, we don’t push,” What happened next was

“The boy’s mother ran toward me from across the park,” Stella says,” I thought she was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplining her child, All I did was let him know his behavior was Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?”

Getting your own children to play nice is difficult Dealing with other people’s children has become a

In my house, jumping on the sofa is not In my sister’s house it’s For her, it’s about kids being kids: “If you can’t do it at three, when can you do it?”

Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunt’s But I find myself saying “no” a lot when her kids are over at That’s OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when you’re talking to the children of friends or

“Kids aren’t all raised the same,” agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash ” But there is still an idea that they’re the property of the We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you’re saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that’s somehow a criticism of ”

In those circumstances, it’s difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent There are two schools of

“I’d go to the child first,” says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Usually a quiet reminder that ’we don’t do that here’ is Kids nave finely tuned antennae (直觉) for how to behave in different ”

He points out bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches,

This is why White recommends that you approach the parents Raise your concerns with the parents if they’re there and ask them to deal with it,” she

Asked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers: “Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the Preface your remarks with something like: ’I know you’ll think I’m silly but in my house I don’t want…’”

When it comes to situations where you’re caring for another child, white is straightforward: “common sense must If things don’t go well, then have a ”

There’re a couple of new grey Physical punishment, once accepted from any adult, is no longer “A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how we handle ”

For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone:” The rules are different now from when today’s parents were growing up,” he says, “Adults are scared of saying: ’don’t swear’, or asking a child to stand up on a They’re worried that there will be conflict if they point these things out – either from older children, or their ”

He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy (礼貌), and says that adults suffer form it as much as

Meredith Fuller agrees: “A code of conduct is hard to create when you’re living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish ”

“It’s about what I’m doing and what I need,” Andrew Fuller ”the days when a kid came home from school and said, “I got into trouble”. And dad said, ‘you probably deserved it’. Are Now the parents are charging up to the school to have a go at ”

This jumping to our children’s defense is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells” feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people’s You know that if you remonstrate(劝诫) with the child, you’re going to have to deal with the It’s admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it good?

“Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries,” White “I suspect that it’s only certain sectors of the population doing the running to the school –better –educated parents are probably more likely to be too ”

White believes our notions of a more child-centered, it’ a way of talking about treating our children like commodities(商品). We’re centered on them but in ways that reflect positively on We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of, rather than serve the best interests of the ”

One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their Back at the park, Bianchi’ intervention(干预) on her son’ behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boy’

As Bianchi approached the park bench where she’d been sitting, other mums came up to her and congratulated her on taking a “Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for bad behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was ”

Andrew Fuller doesn’t believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other people’s “look at kids that aren’t your own as a potential minefield,” he He recommends that we don’t stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular

What did Stella Bianchi expect the young boy’s mother to do when she talked to him?

A) make an apology

B) come over to intervene

C) discipline her own boy

D) take her own boy away

What does the author say about dealing with other people’s children?

A) it’s important not to hurt them in any way

B) it’s no use trying to stop their wrongdoing

C) it’s advisable to treat them as one’s own kids

D) it’s possible for one to get into lots of trouble

According to professor Naomi white of Monash university, when one’s kids are criticized, their parents will probably

A) discouraged

B) hurt

C) puzzled

D) overwhelmed

What should one do when seeing other people’s kids misbehave according to Andrew fuller?

A) talk to them directly in a mild way

B) complain to their parents politely

C) simply leave them alone

D) punish them lightly

Due to the child-centric nature of our society,

A) parents are worried when their kids swear at them

B) people think it improper to criticize kids in public

C) people are reluctant to point our kids’ wrongdoings

D) many conflicts arise between parents and their kids

In a world where everyone is exhausted from over work and lack of sleep,

A) it’s easy for people to become impatient

B) it’s difficult to create a code of conduct

C) it’s important to be friendly to everybody

D) it’s hard for people to admire each other

How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school?

A) they’d question the teachers

B) they’d charge up to the school

C) they’d tell the kids to clam down

D) They’d put the blame on their kids

Professor white believes that the notions of a more child-centred society should

According to professor white, today’s parents treat their children as something

Andrew fuller suggests that , when kids behave inappropriately, people should

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only After each question there will be a During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the

A)Only true friendship can last

B)Letter writing is going out of

C)She keeps in regular touch with her

D)She has lost contact with most of her old

A) A C) A

B) A D) A

A) Look for a place near her C) Make inquiries

B) Find a new job down the D) Rent the $600

A) He prefers to wear jeans with a larger

B) He has been extremely busy

C) He has gained some weight

D) He enjoyed going shopping with Jane

A)The woman possesses a natural for

B) Women have a better artistic taste than

C) He isn’t good at abstract

D) He doesn’t like abstract

A) She couldn’t have left her notebook in the

B) she may have put her notebook amid the

C) she should have made careful notes while doing

D) she shouldn’t have read his notes without his knowing

A)she wants to get some sleep C) she has a literature class to attend

B) she needs time to write a paper D)she is troubled by her sleep problem

A)He is confident he will get the

B)His chance of getting the job is

C)It isn’t easy to find a qualified sales

D)The interview didn’t go as well as he

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just

A)He can manage his time more

B)He can renew contact with his old

C)He can concentrate on his own

D)He can learn to do administrative

A)Reading its ads in the

B)Calling its personnel

C)Contacting its

D)Searching its

A)To cut down its production

B)To solve the problem of staff

C)To improve its administrative

D)To utilize its retired employees’

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just

A)Buy a

B)Fix a

C)See a piece of

D)Sing a business

A)It is only forty miles form where they

B)It is a small one with a two-bedroom

C)It was a large garden with fresh

D)It has a large garden with fresh

A)Growing potatoes will involve less

B)Its soil may not be very suitable for

C)It may not be big enough for raising

D)Raising potatoes will be more

A)Finances

B)Equipment

C)Labor

D)Profits

ection B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short At the end of each passage, you will hear some Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the

Passage One

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just

26 A) To introduce the chief of the city’s police force

B)To comment on a talk by a distinguished guest

C)To address the issue of community security

D)To explain the functions of the city council

27 A)He has distinguished himself in city management

B)He is head of the International Police Force

C)He completed his higher education abroad

D)He holds a master’s degree in criminology

28 A)To coordinate work among police departments

B)To get police officers closer to the local people

C)To help the residents in times of emergency

D)To enable the police to take prompt action

29 A)Popular

B)discouraging

C)effective

D)controversial

Passage Two

Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just

30 A)people differ greatly in their ability to communicate

B)there are numerous languages in existence

C)Most public languages are inherently vague

D)Big gaps exist between private and public languages

31 A)it is a sign of human intelligence

B)in improves with constant practice

C)it is something we are born with

D)it varies from person to person

32 A)how private languages are developed

B)how different languages are related

C)how people create their languages

D)how children learn to use language

Passage Three

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just

33 A)she was a tailor

B)she was an engineer

C)she was an educator

D)she was a public speaker

)Basing them on science-fiction

B) Including interesting examples in them

C) Adjusting them to different audiences

D) Focusing on the latest progress in space science

) Whether spacemen carry weapons

B) How spacesuits protect spacemen

C) How NASA trains its spacemen

D) What spacemen cat and drink

ection C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have

Crime is increasing world There is every reason to believe the (36)____will continue through the next few

Crime rates have always been high in multicultural, industrialized societies such as the United States, but a new (37) ____has appeared on the world (38)____rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few(39) Street crimes such as robbery, rape (40) ___and auto theft are clearly rising (41)___in eastern European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the united

What is driving this crime (42)____?There are no simple Still，there are certain conditions(43) _______with rising crime increasing heterogeneity (混杂) of populations, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of government,(44)

These conditions are increasingly observable around the For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogeneous(同种类的) ,such as Japan, Denmark and Greece (45)

Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the twenty-first century, and (46)

Part IV Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth） （25 minutes）

Section A

A bookless life is an incomplete Books influence the depth and breadth of They meet the natural______47_____for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their Readers turn______48_____ to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to ____49 _____ from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the mind and the Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is They are presented with a __50 _____ of human experiences and come to ___51 ____ other ways of thought and And while ____52 ____ their own relationships and responses to life , the readers often find that the ___53__ in their stories are going through similar adjustments, which help to clarify and give significance to their

Books provide ___54 ____ material for readers’ imagination to Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates While enriching their imagination, books __55 ____their outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure ___56 The social and educational significance of the readers’ books cannot be overestimated in an academic

Abundant

Characters

Communicating

Completely

Derive

Desire

Diversity

Escape

Establishing

Narrow

Naturally

Personnel

Properly

Respect

Widen

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following

If you are a male and you are reading this ,congratulations: you are a survivor .According to statistics .you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman ,and nine times more likely to die of Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a

There are many reasons for this-typically, men take more risks than woman and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men don’t go to the

“Men aren’t seeing doctors as often as they should, ” says Gullotta, “This is particularly so for the over-40s,when diseases tend to ”

Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or For those over 45,it should be at least once a

Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old ma who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a

“When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer” he says, “Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but it would have prolonged this life”

According to a recent survey, 95%of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age

“A lot of men think they are invincible （不可战胜的）”Gullotta says “They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think” Geez, if it could happen to

Then there is the ostrich approach,” some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know, ” says Ross

“Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies,” Cartmill says .He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive

Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain on the public purse, Cartmill ” But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the Besides, the ultimate cost is far greater: it is called premature ”

does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?

They are more likely to survive serious diseases

Their average life span has been considerably

They have lived long enough to read this

They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier

does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women?

men drink and smoke much more than women

men don’t seek medical care as often as women

men aren’t as cautions as women in face of danger

men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases

Which of the following best completes the sentence “Geez, if it could happen to him…’(line2,para,8)?

it could happen to me, too

I should avoid playing golf

I should consider myself lucky

it would be a big misfortune

60 What does Ross Cartmill mean by “the ostrich approach”(line q )？

a casual attitude towards one’s health conditions

a new therapy for certain psychological problems

refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved

unwillingness to find out about one’s disease because of fear

What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men?

may increase public expenses

will save money in the long run

may cause psychological strains on men

will enable men to live as long as women

Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following

High-quality customer service is preached(宣扬) by many ,but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done

Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will

Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide t frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school

“Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers,” said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde ” the store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a ”

On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four other, and will no longer visit the specific store for every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative The resulting “snowball effect” can be disastrous to

According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most ranked second and third were grocery and electronics

The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered (塞满了的) shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude

During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting（业余兼职的）local police to work as parking Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking

This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking

Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer

Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry

“Retailers who’re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so ” said Professor Stephen “Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would ”

Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答

Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?

A Most customers won’t bother to complain even if they have had unhappy

B Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around

C Few customers believe the service will be

D Customers have no easy access to store

What does Paula Courtney imply by saying “ … the shopper must also find a replacement” (Line 2, 4)?

A New customers are bound to replace old

B It is not likely the shopper can find the same products in other

C Most stores provide the same

D Not complaining to the manager causes the shopper some trouble

Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that

A can stay longer browsing in the store

B won’t have trouble parking their cars

C won’t have any worries about security

D can find their cars easily after shopping

What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?

A Manners of the salespeople

B Hiring of efficient employees

C Huge supply of goods for sale

D Design of the store

To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to

A exert pressure on stores to improve their service

B settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic way

C voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly

D shop around and make comparisons between stores

Part V Cloze （15 minutes）

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D] on the right side of the You should choose the ONE that best fits into the Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the

Playing organized sports is such a common experience in the United States that many children and teenagers that them for This is especially true__67__children from families and communities that have the resources needed to organize and__68__sports programs and make sure that there is easy__69__to participation Children in low-income families and poor communities are__70__likely to take organized youth sports for granted because they often__71__the resources needed to pay for participation__72__, equipment, and transportation to practices and games__73__ their communities do not have resources to build and__74__sports fields and

Organized youth sports__75__appeared during the early 20th century in the United States and other wealthy They were originally developed__76__some educators and developmental experts__77__that the behavior and character of children were__78__influenced by their social surrounding and everyday This__79__many people to believe that if you could organize the experiences of children in__80__ways, you could influence the kinds of adults that those children would

This belief that the social__81__influenced a person’s overall development was very__82__to people interested in progress and reform in the United States__83__the beginning of the 20th It caused them to think about__84__they might control the experiences of children to__85__responsible and productive They believed strongly that democracy depended on responsibility and that a__86__capitalist economy depended on the productivity of

among within on towards

spread speed spur sponsor

access entrance chance route

70 little less more much

shrink tighten limit lack

bill B accounts fees fare

so as and but

maintain sustain contain entertain

last first later finally

before while until when

realized recalled expected exhibited

specifically excessively strongly exactly

moved conducted put led

precise precious particular peculiar

engagement environment state status

encouraging disappointing upsetting surprising

for with over at

what how whatever however

multiply manufacture produce provide

growing breeding raising flying

Part Ⅵ Translation (5 minutes)

Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in

researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems______________(他们至今还没有答案)

(大多数父母所关心的) is providing the best education possible for their

’d better take a sweater with you_____________________________________________ (以防天气变冷)

the project, many people have received training and__________________________ (决定自己创业)

anti-virus agent was not known___________________________________(直到一名医生偶然发现了它)

四级英语真题英语四级 第21篇

Section A

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just

It was dangerous to live

It was going to be

He could no longer pay the

He had sold it to the royal

A

A

A forest

A terrorist

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just

They lost contact with the emergency

They were trapped in an underground

They were injured by suddenly falling

They sent calls for help via a portable

They tried hard to repair the

They released the details of the

They sent supplies to keep the miners

They provided the miners with food and

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just

Raise postage

Improve its

Redesign delivery

Close some of its post

Shortening business

Closing offices on

Stopping mail delivery on

Computerizing mall sorting

Many post office staff will lose their

Many people will begin to

Taxpayers will be very

A lot of controversy will

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long At the end of each conversation, you will hear four Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just

He will be kept from

He will go through

He will be given a

He will lose part of his

He is always on

He is a trustworthy

He is an experienced press

He is on good terms with his

She is a trade union

She is in charge of public

She is a senior manager of the

She is better at handling such

He is skilled and

He is very close to the

He is always trying to stir up

He is always complaining about low

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just

They stay

They read a

They talk about the

They chat with fellow

She was always treated as a

She was eager to visit an English

She was never invited to a colleague"s

She was unwilling to make friends with

Houses are much more

Houses provide more

They want to have more

They want a garden of their

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just

They don"t have much choice of

They are likely to get much higher

They don"t have to go through job

They will automatically be given hiring

Ask their professors for

Look at school bulletin

Visit the school careers

Go through campus

Helping students find the books and journals they

Supervising study spaces to ensure a quiet

Helping students arrange appointments with

Providing students with information about the

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just

It tastes

It is easier to

It may be sold at a higher

It can better survive extreme

It is healthier than green

It can grow in drier

It will replace green tea one

It is immune to various

It has been well received by many tea

It does not bring the promised health

It has made tea farmers" life

It does not have a stable

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just

They need decorations to show their

They prefer unique objects of high

They decorate their homes

They care more about

They were proud of their

They could only try to create at

They made great contributions to

They focused on the quality of their

Make wise

Identify fake

Design handicrafts

Learn the importance of

To boost the local

To attract foreign

To arouse public interest in

To preserve the traditional

听力答案

was dangerous to live

were trapped in an underground

sent supplies to keep the miners

some of its post

mail delivery on

post office staff will lose their

will lose part of his

is a trustworthy

is better at handling such

is always trying to stir up

stay

was never invited to a colleague"s

provide more

16 will automatically be given hiring

17 the school careers

18 study spaces to ensure a quiet

may be sold at a higher

is healthier than green

does not have a stable

prefer unique objects of high

could only try to create at

wise

boost the local